UMBELLIFER.fi. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 155 



nials, with aromatic roots and fruit, 2 - 3-ternately compound leaves, and white 

 flowers. (Named from the country Liguria, where the officinal Lovage of the 

 gardens, L. Levisticum, abounds.) 



1. L* Scoticum, L. (SCOTCH LOVAGE.) Very smooth; stem (2 

 high) nearly simple; leaves 2-ternate; leaflets rhombic-ovate, coarsely toothed 

 or cut; leaflets of the involucre and involucels linear; calyx-teeth distinct; 

 fruit narrowly ottong. Salt marshes, from Rhode Island northward. Aug. 

 Root acrid but aromatic. (Eu.) 



2. Li. actaeifoliuin, Michx. (NONDO. AKGELICO.) Smooth; stem 

 (3 -6 high) branched above ; the numerous umbels forming a loose and naked 

 somewhat whorled panicle, the lateral ones mostly barren; leaves 3-ternate; leaf- 

 lets broadly ovate, equally serrate, the end ones often 3-parted; calyx-teeth 

 minute ; ribs of the short fruit wing-like. Rich woods, Virginia, Kentucky, 

 and southward along the mountains. July, Aug. Root large, with the strong 

 aromatic odor and taste of Angelica. (Michaux's habitat, " Banks of the St. 

 Lawrence," is probably a mistake.) 



16. THASPIU]tt, Nutt. MEADOW-PARSNIP. 



Calyx -teeth obsolete or short. Fruit ovoid or oblong, somewhat flattish or 

 contracted at the sides (the cross-section of each seed orbicular and somewhat 

 angled or 5-angular) ; the carpels each with 5 strong and equal ribs or wings, 

 the lateral ones marginal : oil-tubes single in each interval. Perennial herbs, 

 with 1 - 2-ternately divided leaves (or the root-leaves simple), umbels with no 

 involucre, minute few-leaved involucels, and yellow or sometimes dark-purple 

 flowers. (Name a play upon Thapsia, a genus so called from the island of 

 Thapsus.) I include in this genus Zizia, Koch, because what is apparently 

 the same species has the fruit either ribbed or winged, and retain the name 

 of Zizia for Z. iutcgerrima, DC. 



* Stems loosely branched, 2 - 5 high, mostly pubescent on the joints : calyx short but 

 manifest : corolla light yellow : leaves all ternately compound. 



1. T. barbiliode, Nutt. Leaves 1- 3-ternate; leaflets ovate or larve- 

 ovate and acute, mostly with a wedge-shaped base, above deeply cut-serrate, often 

 2-3-cleft or parted, the terminal one long-stalked (l'-2' long) ; fruit oblong, 

 6-lQ-u?inged (3" long), some of the dorsal wings often narrow or obsolete.- 

 River-banks, W. New York to Wisconsin, and southward. July. 



2. T. i>imiat:ii<liuii. Branchlets, umbels, &c. roughish-puberulent ; 

 leaves 1 - 3-ternate ; leaflets 1 - 2-pinnatifld, the lobes linear or oblong ; fruit oblong, 

 narroicly8-lO-winged(l^'\ong),thQ intervals minutely scabrous. (Zizia pin- 

 natifkla, Buckley. Thaspium Walteri, Shuttlew., excl. syn. Walt.} Barrens 

 of Kentucky (Short), and southward in the mountains. 



* * Stems somewhat branched; the whole plant glabrous : calyx-teeth obscure. 



3. T. aiircuill, Nutt. Leaves all 1 - 2-ternately divided or parted (or rarely 

 some of the root-leaves simple and heart-shaped) ; the divisions or leaflets oblong- 

 lanceolate, very sharply cut-serrate, with a wedge-shaped entire base ; flowers deep 

 yellow ; fruit oblong-oval, with 10 winged ridges. Moist river-banks, &c., not 

 rare. June. Leaves of a rather firm texture. 



