236 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



1. K. Virginica, Willd. Stems or scapes several, forking during the 

 season (!' - 10' high) ; earlier leaves roundish, entire, the others narrower, often 

 pinnatifid. Var. DICH6TOMA is a branched and leafy summer state. New 

 England to Illinois and southward, mostly near the coast. April - Aug. 



74. CYNTHIA, Don. CYNTHIA. 



Heads many-flowered. Scales of the involucre several, somewhat in 2 rows. 

 Achenia short, striate. Pappus double; the outer of numerous very small 

 chaffy bristles ; the inner of numerous capillary elongated bristles. Low pe- 

 rennial herbs, nearly smooth and glaucous, with scattered or radical leaves; 

 the scapes or naked peduncles (often bristly at the apex) bearing rather showy 

 single heads. Flowers yellow. (Probably named after Mount Cynthus.') 



1. C. Virgillica, Don. Roots fibrous ; stem-leaves 1-2, oblong or lance- 

 olate-spatulate, clasping, mostly entire ; the radical ones on short winged peti- 

 oles, often toothed, rarely pinnatifid ; peduncles 2-5. Moist banks, New York 

 to Michigan and southward. June. Stem 1 high, or more. 



2. C. Dandelion, DC. Scapes leafless, from a tuberous root (6' -IS' 

 high) ; leaves varying from spatulate-oblong to linear-lanceolate, entire or few- 

 lobed. Moist ground, Maryland to Kentucky, and southward. March -July. 



75. LI2OIVTODON, L., Juss. HAWKBIT. FALL DANDELION. 



Heads many-flowered. Involucre scarcely imbricated, but with several bract- 

 lets at the base. Achenia spindle-shaped, striate, all alike. Pappus persistent, 

 composed of plumose bristles which are enlarged and flattened towards the base. 

 Low and stemless perennials, with toothed or pinnatifid root-leaves, the scapes 

 bearing one or more yellow heads. (Name from Xe'coi/, a lion, and 68ovs , a tooth, 

 in allusion to the toothed leaves.) The following belongs to the subgenus 

 OpORfNiA, with a tawny pappus of a single row of equal bristles. 



1. It. AUTUMNALE, L. (FALL DANDELION.) Leaves more or less pin- 

 natifid ; scape branched ; peduncles thickened at the summit and furnished with 

 small scaly bracts. Meadows and road-sides; common in E. New England. 

 Aug. - Oct. (Nat. from Eu. ) 



76. IIIEItACIUM, Tourn. HAWKWEED. 



Heads many-flowered. Involucre more or less imbricated. Achenia oblong 

 or columnar, striate, not beaked. Pappus a single row of tawny fragile capil- 

 lary bristles. Perennial herbs, with entire or toothed leaves, and single or pan- 

 icled heads of yellow flowers. (Name from !epo, a hawk.) 



# Heads large and broad: involucre imbricated: achenia tapering towards the base. 



1. H. Canadense, Michx. (CANADA HAWKWEED.) Stems simple. 

 leafy, corymbed at the summit (l-3 high); leaves sessile, lanceolate or 

 ovate-oblong, acute, remotely and very coarsely toothed, somewhat hairy, the 

 uppermost slightly clasping. Dry woods, Massachusetts to Michigan, and 

 northward. Aug. 



