272 PRIMULACE-fi. (PRIMROSE .FAMILY.) 



3. DODECATHJGON, L. AMERICAN COWSLIP. 



Calyx deeply 5-cleft ; the divisions lanceolate, reflexed. Corolla with u very 

 short tube, a thickened throat, and a 5-parted reflexed limb ; the divisions long 

 and narrow. Filaments short, monadelphous at the base : anthers long and 

 linear, approximate in a slender cone. Perennial smooth herbs, with fibrous 

 roots, a cluster of oblong or spatulate leaves, and a simple naked scape, involu- 

 crate at the summit, bearing an ample umbel of showy flowers, usually nodding 

 on slender peduncles. Corolla purple-rose-color, or sometimes white. (Name 

 fancifully assumed from 6\8c/ea, twelve, and 0eot, gods. ) 



1. I>. IVIeadia, L. Rich woods, Penn. and Maryland to Wisconsin, and 

 southwestward. May, June. Very handsome in cultivation. In the West 

 called SHOOTING-STAR. 



4. TRIENTALIS, L. CHICKWEED-WINTERGREEN. 



Calyx mostly 7-parted ; the divisions linear-lanceolate, pointed. Corolla 

 mostly 7-parted, spreading, flat, without any tube. Filaments slender, united in 

 a ring at the base : anthers oblong, revolute after flowering. Pod few-seeded. 



Low and smooth perennials, with simple erect stems, bearing a few alternate 

 usually minute and scale-like leaves below, and a whorl of very delicate veiny 

 leaves at the summit. Peduncles one or more, very slender, bearing a delicate 

 white and star-shaped flower. (A Latin name, meaning the third part of a foot, 

 alluding to the size of the plant.) 



1. T. Americana, Pursh. (STAR-FLOWER.) Leaves elongated-lan- 

 ceolate, tapering to both ends ; petals finely pointed. Damp cold woods ; 

 common northward, and southward in the mountains. May. 



5. I, V SOI A CHI A, L. LOOSESTRIFE. 



Calyx 5-parted. Corolla with a very short tube, and a spreading 5-parted 

 limb. Stamens 5 : filaments often united in a ring at the base. Pod globose, 

 5 - 10-valved, few - many-seeded. (Parts of the flower rarely in fours or sixes.) 



Perennial herbs, with entire leaves, and axillary or racemed flowers : corolla 

 mostly yellow. (Named in honor of King Lysimachus, or from Xvais, a release 



from, pdxi' strife.) 



$ 1. TRIDYNIA, Raf. Leaves opposite or whorled, sessile, dotted: calyx and 

 golden-yellow corolla streaked with dark lines : filaments mostly unequal,, plainly 

 monadelphous at the base, with no interposed sterile ones : anthers short : pod 5- 

 valved, ripening only 2-5 seeds. 

 1. Li. Striicta, Ait. Smooth, at length branched, very leafy; leaves oppo- 



site or rarely alternate, lanceolate, acute at each end ; flowers on slender pedi- 



cels in -a long raceme (5' - 12'), which is leafy at the base ; or, in var. PRODUCTA. 



leafy for fully half its length : lobes of the corolla lance-oblong. Low grounds ; 



common. June-Arg. Stems 1- 2 high, often bearing oblong or monili- 



form bulblets in the axils. 



