286 SCROPHULARIACE^:. (FIG WORT FAMILY) 



7. .PEJVTSTI^ITION, Mitchell. BEARD-TONGUE. PENTSTEMON. 



Calyx 5-parted. Corolla tubular and more or less inflated, cither decidedly 

 or slightly 2-lipped ; the upper lip 2-lobed, and the lower 3-cleft. Stamens 4, 

 declined at the base, ascending above ; and a fifth sterile filament usually as 

 long as the others, either naked or bearded. Seeds numerous, wingless. Pe- 

 rennials, branched from the base, simple above, with opposite leaves, the upper 

 sessile and mostly clasping. Flowers showy, thyrsoid-panicled. (Name from 

 TrevTf, Jive, and OTI^HBJ/, stamen ; the fifth stamen being present and conspicu- 

 ous, although sterile.) 



* Sterile filament bearded down one side : flowers in a loose panicle, somewhat clam' 

 my, white or bluish ; peduncles slender. 



1. P. pubescens, Solander. More or less pubescent (l-3high); 

 stem-leaves lanceolate from a clasping base, serrate or sometimes entire ; corolla 

 2-lipped, gradually widened upwards, flattened and one-ridged on the upper side, 

 and with 2 infolded lines on the lower which are bearded inside ; lower lip longer 

 than the upper. Varies greatly in the foliage, sometimes nearly glabrous, 

 when it is P. laevigatus, Soland., &c. Dry banks, Connecticut to Wisconsin, 

 and southward. June - Sept. 



2. P. Digitalis, Nutt. Nearly glabrous (2 -4 high); stem-leaves ob- 

 long- or ovate-lanceolate, clasping, serrulate or entire; corolla slightly ^-lipped, 

 abruptly inflated and almost bell-shaped from a narrow base, beardless. Moist 

 ground, Illinois and southward. Flowers larger than in the last, showy. 



* * Sterile fllament nearly smooth : flowers purple, racemose. 



3. P. grail cliflorilS, Fraser. Very smooth and glaucous; stems sim- 

 ple (l-3 high) ; leaves thick, ovate or rounded, the upper clasping; flowers 

 (showy, 2' long) on short pedicels, in a long and narrow raceme rather than 

 panicle ; corolla oblong-bell-shaped, almost regular. Prairies, W. "Wisconsin? 

 (Falls of St. Anthony, Lapham. Dubuque, Iowa, Dr. Hor.) 



. 'HliOTlJXtJS, L. MONKEY-FLOWER 



Calyx prismatic, 5-angled, 5-toothed, the upper tooth largest. Corolla tubu- 

 lar; the upper lip erect or rcflcxed-spreading, 2-lobcd; the lower spreading, 

 3-lobed. Stamens 4. Stigma 2-lipped, the lips ovate. Seeds numerous. 

 Herbs, with opposite leaves, and mostly handsome flowers on solitary axillary 

 peduncles. (Name from /ii/io>, an ape, on account of the gaping corolla.) 

 * Erect, glabrous : leaves feather-veined : corolla violet-purple. 



1. M. rill gens, L. Stem square (l-2 high) ; leaves oblong or lanceolate, 

 pointed, clasping by a heart-shaped base, serrate; peduncles longer than the 

 flower; calyx-teeth taper-pointed. 1J. Wet places; common. July -Sept. 

 Flower V-ltf long. 



2. ]H. alutllS, Ait. Stem somewhat winged at the angles ; leaves oblong- 

 ovate, tapering into a petiole ; peduncles shorter than the calyx, which has very 

 short and abruptly pointed teeth : otherwise like the last. Low grounds, Con- 

 necticut to Illinois, and southward. 



