464 SMILACEuE. (SMILAX FAMILY.) 



1. T. sessile, L. Leaves oho sessile, ovate or rhomboidal, acute, often 

 blotched or spotted ; sessile petals erect-spreading (dark and dull purple, varying 

 to greenish). Moist woods, Penn. to Wisconsin, and southward. April, 

 May. Stem 4' - 12' high. 



2. X. reciirvatlini, Beck. Leaves contracted at the base into a petiole, 

 ovate, oblong, or obovate ; sepals reftexed, petals pointed at both ends, unguiculate, 

 dark purple. Wisconsin, Illinois, Kentucky, and southward. April. 



2. Flower raised on a peduncle : petals withering away soon after blossoming. 

 * Short peduncle recurved under tfie leaves: rootstocks clustered, bearing 2 -3 stems. 



3. T. cernuum, L. (NODDING TRILLIUM or WAKK-ROBIN.) Leaves 

 broadly rhomboid, pointed, nearly sessile ; petals white, oblong-ovate, pointed, re- 

 curved, wavy, rather longer than the sepals. Moist woods, N. England to Vir- 

 ginia, Kentucky, and southward ; common eastward. May. Petals |'- 1' long. 



* # Peduncle erect or at length nodding : rootstocks bearing a single stem. 

 - Leaves sessile, abruptly taper-pointed. 



4. T. erctum. L. (PURPLE TRILLIUM. BIRTHROOT.) Leaves dilat- 

 ed-rhomboidal, nearly as broad as long, very abruptly pointed ; petals ovate, acutish, 

 dark dull purple, spreading, little longer than the sepals (!'-!' long). (T. 

 rhoinboideum, var. atropurpureum, MicJix.) Rich woods ; common northward, 

 especially westward, and along the Alleghanies. May. Peduncle 1' - 3' long, 

 at length inclined. 



Var. album, Pursh. Petals greenish-white, or rarely yellowish; ovary 

 mostly dull-purple. (T. pendulum, Ait., &c.) With the purple-flowered form, 

 especially from New York westward. 



5. T. grandifloruiiB, Salisb. (LARGE WHITE TRILLIUM.) Leaves 

 rhomboid-obovate, longer than broad, more taper-pointed, barely sessile ; J)etals obo- 

 vate, spreading from an erect base, longer and much broader than the sepals 

 (2'-2' long), white, changing with age to rose-color. Rich woods, Vermont to 

 Wisconsin and Kentucky, and northward. June. Flower on a peduncle 2'- 

 3' long, very handsome. 



*- - Leaves petioled, rounded at the base. 



6. T. llivale, Riddell. (DWARF WHITE TRILLIUM.) Small (2'-3' 

 high) ; leaves oval or ovate, obtuse ; petals oval-lanceolate, obtuse, rather wavy, while, 

 as long as the peduncle, longer than the sepals. Rich woods, Ohio to Wiscon- 

 sin. April. Leaves l'-2', and petals 1', long. Styles long and thread-like. 



7. T. erytlirocarpum, Michx. (PAINTED TRILLIUM.) Leaves ovate, 

 taper-pointed ; petals ovate or oval-lanceolate, pointed, wavy, widely spreading, white 

 painted with purple stripes at the base, almost twice the length of the sepals, shorter 

 than the peduncle. (T. pictum, Pursh.) Cold damp woods and bogs, New 

 England to Lake Superior and northward, and southward in the higher Alie- 

 ghanies through Virginia. May, June. 



3. ME DEO LA, Gronov. INDIAN CUCUMBER-ROOT. 



Flowers perfect. Perianth revolute, of 3 sepals and 3 petals which are oblong 

 and alike (pale greenish-yellow), deciduous. Stamen? 6 : filaments thread-like, 



