510 CYPERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 



than the rather obtuse scale. Alpine summits of the White Mountains, New 

 Hampshire, RMins, Oakes. (Eu.) 



* * Stigmas 3 : leaves very narrow, shorter than the cutm. 



5. C. paiiciflora, Lightfoot. Spike few-flowered ; sterile flowers 1 or 54 ; 

 perigynia awl-shaped, reflexed, straw-colored; scales deciduous. (C. leucoglochin, 

 Ehrh.) Peat-bogs, from New England and W. New York northward. (Eu.) 



6. C. poly trie hoides, Muhl. Culm slender; spike very small, few- 

 flowered ; perigynia erect, alternate, oblong, compressed-triangular, obtuse, slightly 

 nerved, entire at the apex, green, twice the length of the ovate scale. (C. Icpta- 

 lea, Wahl. C. microstachya, Michx.) Low grounds and bogs ; common. 



* * * Stigmas 3 : leaves very broad (I'-l^'), longer than the naked culm. 



7. C. Fraseriaiia, Sims. Pale or glaucous and glabrous ; leaves with- 

 out a midrib, many-nerved, smooth, with minutely crisped cartilaginous margins 

 (9' -18' long), convolute below around the base of the scape-like culm: spike 

 oblong, the fertile part becoming globular; perigynia ovoid, inilated, mucro- 

 nately tipped with a minute entire point, longer than the scarious oblong obtuse 

 scale; often with a short appendage at the base of the achcnium. Rich woods, 

 mountains of Penn. ? Virginia, and southward; rare. A most remarkable 

 species, with no obvious affinity to any other. 



15. Spike solitary, simple, androgynous, staminate at the summit ; bracts and 

 scales of the pistillate flowers green, leaf-like, tapering from a broad base, the lowest 

 much longer than the spike, the uppermost equalling the slightly inflated peri- 

 gynia : style jointed at the base : stigmas 3. (Leaves long and grassy, much 

 exceeding the short, almost radical culms.) PIIYLLOSTACHYS, Torr. & Gr. 



8. C. WilldeilOVii, Schk. Sterile floivers 4-8, closely imbricated ; peri- 

 gynia 6-9, somewhat alternate, oblong, rough on the angles and tapering beak ; 

 achenium oblong, triangular, finely dotted ; stigmas do ten y. Copses, Mass., W. 

 New York, and southwestward. 



9. C. StClldelii, Kunth. Sterile flowers 10-15, rather loosely imbricated 

 into a linear (apparently distinct) spike; perigynia 2-3, roundish-dwoid, smooth, 

 with a long and abrupt rough beak: achcnium roundish, obscurely triangular, very 

 minutely dotted; stigmas downy. (C. Jamesii, Schw.) Woody hill-sides, N. 

 New York to Illinois and Kentucky. 



10. C. Olickii, Boott. Sterile flowers 3, inconspicuous; perigynia 2-4, loose, 

 globose-ovoid with a conical beak, smooth throughout ; achcnium globosc-pyrifonn, 

 scarcely dotted; stigmas smooth. Rocky hills, W. Massachusetts (Mount Tom, 

 Prof. Whitney), and N. New York to Ohio, Lake Superior, and northward. 

 Culms generally shorter, and the leafy scales broader and more conspicuous, 

 than in the last two. 



C. Spikes several or numerous, androgynous (occasionally dioecious in No. 11 

 and 33), sessile, forming a compact or more or less interrupted sometimes panic- 

 ulate-compound or decompound inflorescence : stigmas 2 : achenium lenticular. 

 VIGN^A, Beauv. 



1. Spikes approximated, with the staminate and pistillate flowers variously situ- 

 ated; perigynia plano-convex, nerved, with a rough slightly toothed beak ; 



