CYPERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.; 527 



filiform nodding stalks ; bracts exceeding the culm, with short or nearly obsolete 

 eheaths ; perigynia ovoid-triangular, very smooth and thin, with an entire or very 

 minutely notched orifice, longer than the ovate short-awned white scale. (C. 

 prasina. WaJd.) Kills and wet meadows ; rather common. In aspect some- 

 what resembles the smaller short-awned forms of No. 51, with which it ha? points 

 of affinity, though differing materially in the 3 stigmas and triangular fruit. 



92. C. scabrata, Schw. Fertile spikes 4-5, cylindrical, erect, rather 

 distant, densely flowered, the lower on long stalks ; bracts without slieaths, exceed- 

 ing the culm ; perigynia ovoid, contracted at the base, prominently few-nerved, 

 rough, spreading at maturity, with an obliquely notched beak, longer than the 

 ovate slightly ciliate brown scale ; culm, leaves, and bracts very rough. Wet 

 meadows and swamps, New England to Penn., Michigan, and northward. 



93. C. Sllllivailtii, Boott. Fertile spikes 3-5, commonly 4, nari'ouiy cy 

 lindrical, erect, loosely flowered, the upper approximate, the lowest often remote, 

 tapering towards the base and slightly compound, all on rough stalks ; bracts 

 sheathing, not exceeding the hairy culm ; perigynia elliptical, hairy, slightly 

 stalked, with an entire or notched orifice, rather longer than the ovate hairy- 

 fringed rough-awned white scale. Woods, Columbus, Ohio, Sdlivant. About 

 2 high, with hairy leaves and bracts, and slender fertile spikes I'-l^' long. 

 Resembles the next, but is at once distinguished by the erect spikes, hairy and 

 nerveless fruit, and hairy leaves. 



$ 8. Perigynia slightly inflated. S-angled, smooth and shining, green, with a straight 

 tapering leak terminating in 2 small membranaceous teeth (nearly obsolete 

 in No. 96) : lower bracts green and sheathing : pistillate scales tawny, becom- 

 ing white : staminate spike solitary, stalked : pistillate spikes 3-4, loosely flow- 

 ered, all on long and filiform nodding stalks. 



*- Fertile spikes long and slender, remote : perigynia few-nerved : bracts equalling or 

 exceeding the culm. DEBILES. 



94. C. aa'Ctiita, Boott. Fertile sjrikes few-flowered and narrowed toicards 

 the base ; perigynia ovoid-elliptical, triangular, short-stalked, rather blunt at the base, 

 the beak very short, longer than the pointed scale. (C. sylvatica, Dew., not of 

 Hudson. C. Knieskeniii, Dew.) Woods and meadows, New England to Penn- 

 sylvania, and northward. 



95. C. dcbilis, Michx. Staminate spike occasionally fertile at the apex ; 

 fertile spikes with loose alternate flowers, on a somewhat zig~a<j rhachis; perigynia ob- 

 long, tapering at each end, twice as long as the ovate-lanceolate awned scale. (C. 

 tenuis, Rudge. C. flexuosa, Muhl.) Moist meadows, N. New England to 

 Pennsylvania, and south westward. 



* * Fertile spikes short : perigynia nerveless, or very obscurely nerved in No. 97 J 

 bracts erect, shorter than the culm. FLEXILES. 



96. C. capilliiris, L. Fertile spikes commonly 3, minute, with about 6 alter 

 nate flowers ; perigynia oblong-ovoid, contracted at the base, tapering hilo a long slight 

 ly serrulate beak, with an oblique neai'ly entire orifice, longer than the ovate scale. 

 Point de Tour, Lake Michigan; alpine summits of the White Mountains. 

 New Hampshire, and high northward. An extremely delicate spccier-, 4'-G 

 high, with spikes '-' long, and a line or less in width. (Eu.J 



