532 CYl'ERACK^K. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 



Wood Creek, New York. Also in Ohio and S. Illinois. Culm robust, 



8 high : perigynia |' in length. Flowers in July, a month later than the last. 



* # Bracts conspicuously sheathing. 



117. C. fblliClllata, L. Staminatc spike small, short-stalked, or often 

 sessile ; fertile spikes 3-4, ovoid, very remote, the lower on exserted peduncles; 

 perigynia erect-sp reading, tapering from an oblong base, rather exceeding the ovate, 

 white I mg-awned scale. (C. xanthophysa, Wahl.) Peat-bogs, New England to 

 Penn v and northward, and sparingly southward. A robust plant, i^-4 high, 

 of yellowish appearance, with long foliaceous bracts, and leaves $' wide. 



118. C. rostrata, Michx. Staminate spike small, nearly sessile ; fert He 

 spikes 1-3, commonly 2, roundish-ovoid, the lower rather distant on a short ex- 

 serted peduncle; perigynia erect or somewhat spreading, tapering from an oblong 

 slightly inflated base into a long slender beak twice the length of the blunt liglit- 

 brown scale. (C. xanthophysa, var. nana and minor, Dew.) Cold bogs, moun- 

 tains of N. New York, New Hampshire, and northward. Resembles the last ; 

 but smaller in all its parts, rigidly erect, and with narrow leaves. 



119. C. Sllblllata, Michx. Fertile spikes 3-5, very remote, on included 

 peduncles loosely few- (4 - 8-) flowered, commonly with a few staminate flowers at 

 the apex; perigynia awl-shaped, strongly reflexed at maturity; the orifice of the 

 long slender beak furnished with 2 sharp and rigidly dejlexed teeth. (C. Collinsii, 

 Nutt. C. Michauxii, Dew.) Cedar swamps, New Jersey to Ilhode Island 

 (Olney) near the coast, and far northward : rare. 



120. C. lupulina, Muhl. Fertile spikes 2 -4, oblong-ovoid, erect, the up- 

 per approximate, the lower on more or less exserted stalks ; perigynia erect, taper- 

 ing from the ovoid very injlated base into a conical slightly serrulate beak, much 

 longer than the lanceolate awned scale. Var. POLYSTACHYA, Schw. Torn 

 (C. lupiniformis, Sartwell), has 4-5 longer cylindrical fertile spikes, the lowest 

 remote on a long peduncle ; and the perigynia more distinctly serrulate on the 

 angles of the beak. Swamps and wet meadows; common. A coarse robust 

 species, with very thick spikes 2' - 3' in length ; the leaves and long leafy bracts 

 3-4 lines wide, very rough on the margin. 



13. Perigynia much inflated, obovoid or obconic, few-nerved, smooth, with an ex- 

 tremely abrupt and very long slightly roughened beak, terminated by 2 distinct 

 rather short membranaceous teeth, tawny-brown or straw-colored at maturity, 

 spreading horizontally, or the lower deflexed : bracts leaf-like, much exceed 

 ing the culm. SQUARR6sjE. 



# Spikes 1-3, mostly solitary, very rarely 4-5, all of them principally pistillate, 

 with more or less staminate flowers at the base : sheaths of the upper bracts 

 obsolete. 



121. C. SQliarrosa, L. Fertile spikes ovoid or oUong, obtuse and very 

 thick, rigidly erect, on short stalks ; perigynia longer than the lanceolate pointed 

 scales, which are nearly concealed by the densely-crowded bases of the mature 

 fruit. (C. typhina, Michx.) Low meadows and copses, S. New England to 

 Illinois and southward. Remarkable for its densely-flowered, short and thick 

 spikes, about 1' long, to which the spreading beaks of the perigynia give a bris- 

 tly appearance. 



