610 MUSCI. (MOSSES.) 



65. ANOMODON. Cilia from a narrow base. Foliage yellowish green. 



68. T1IELI A. Cilia obsolete : a broad annular membrane present Foliage glaucous-green. 



b Leaves not papillose, complanate. 



76. NECKERA. Cilia from a narrow base Leaves undulate 



75. CYL1NDROTHECIUM. Cilia from a narrow base. Leaves smooth 



77. OMALIA. Cilia from a broad base : cilioUe present. 



c. Leaves not complanate. 



= Inner peristome a membrane adherent to the teeth. 

 b'2. LEUCODON. Perichaeth very long Calyptra smooth. 

 63. LEPTODON. Perichseth very long. Calyptra hairy. 

 72. PYLAIS^EA. Perichseth short. Calyptra smooth. 



= = Inner peristome free, divided to the base into 16 cilia. 

 71. ANACAMPTODON. Teeth of the peristome reflexed when dry 

 74. PLATYGYUIUM. Teeth of the peristome broadly margined. Annulus large. 

 64 ANTITRICHIA. Perichseth long. Ramification pinnate. Pedicels flexuose. 



79. CLIMACIUM. Perichseth long. Ramification dendroid. Columella exserted. 

 60. DICHELYMA Perichseth long. Inner peristome as in Fontinalis, No. 69. 



- - Capsule inclined, unequal 

 73 HOMALOTHECIUM. Inner pet istome a membrane adherent to the teeth. Calyptra hairy 



80. HYPNUM. Inner peristome a plicate membrane divided half-way into carinate cilia : cili- 



olse present. Calyptra smooth. 



B. Calyptra mitriform. Peristome double ; its teeth 16. 

 * Capsule immersed, erect. 



69. FONTINALIS. Inner peristome of 16 cilia connected by cross-bars. 

 61 CRYPH2EA. Inner peristome of 16 free and subulate cilia. 



* * Capsule exserted, horizontal 



78. HOOKERIA. Inner peristome of 16 cariuate cilia : ciiiolse absent. 



SUBORDER I. SPHAGNACE^E. 



1. SPHAGNUM, Dill. PEAT-MOSS. (Tab. 15.) 



Calyptra irregularly ruptured in the middle. Operculum convex, depressed. 

 Capsule subglobose, sessile on the pedicellate vaginula. Peristome none. In- 

 florescence monoecious or dioecious : antheridia roundish, with a long pedicel, 

 lodged singly in the axils of the perigonial leaves at the clavate extremities of 

 short branches. Large, soft, flaccid, and usually pale-colored plants, inhabiting 

 bogs and swampy places ; stems erect, mostly simple, capitate at the summit by 

 the crowded branches which elsewhere are (3-7 together) in distinct fascicles ; 

 branch-leaves 5-ranked, between broad-ovate and linear-lanceolate, convolute- 

 concave, with a peculiar reticulation, composed of two kinds of cellules, one kind 

 (utricles) large, sub-fusiform, colorless, perforated, and lined with a spiral fila- 

 ment (fibrillose), except in No. 10; the other kind (ducts) much smaller, linear, 

 chlorophyllose, running between the contiguous walls of the utricles and form- 

 ing the angular-serpentine network. ("Stydyvos, the ancient name.) Cross-sec- 

 tions of the leaf (see Sulliv. in Mem. Amer. Acad. IV. p. 174. t. 4. B.), showing 

 the form and relative position of the utricles and ducts, arc of service in deter- 

 mining the species, as follows : 



* Ducts somewhat elliptical, situated centrally between the angular-rotund utricle*, 

 and not extending to either surface of the leaf. 



