HEPATIOE. (LIVERWORTS.) 691 



herent with die perianth. Calyptra pear-shaped, rupturing early. Capsule glo- 

 bose, irregularly 4-valved. Elaters short, containing two or three spiral fibres. 

 Antheridia naked, borne on the back of the stem, which is prostrate, and 

 either simple or forked, with somewhat quadrate 3-5-lobed undulate flaccid 

 leaves. (A personal name.) 



1. F. pusilla, Nees. Stem 6" -10" long, thick; perianths conspicuous. 

 Moist places on the ground: mostly Southern. (Tab. 21.) (Eu.) 



19. GEOCAL.YX, Nees. (Tab. 21.) 



Perianth none. Involucre oblong, saccate, truncate, fleshy, attached by one 

 side of its mouth to the stem, pendent. Calyptra membranaceous, partly con- 

 nate with the involucre. Capsule oblong. Elaters with two spiral fibres. An- 

 theridia on spike-like lateral branches, in the axils of small perigonial leaves. 

 (Name formed of yea, the earth, and icaAv, flower-cup ; from the fructification 

 becoming subterranean.) 



1. O graveoleiis, Nees. Leaves ovate-quadrate. 2-toothed (light- 

 green) ; amphigastria oval-lanceolate, 2-cleft to the middle; perianth subterra- 

 nean. On the ground, rotten logs, &c. (Tab. 21.) (Eu.) 



2O. CIIIJLOSCYPHUS, Corda. (Tab. 21.) 



Fructification terminal upon a short lateral branch. Involucral leaves 2-6, 

 different from and smaller than the stem-leaves. Perianth usually short, deeply 

 2-3-cleft. Calyptra globose, or somewhat club-shaped, slightly chartaceous, 

 often longer than the perianth, rupturing irregularly at the apex. Capsule oval. 

 Elaters with two spiral fibres. Perigonial leaves like the cauline, concealing an- 

 theridia in their saccate dorsal bases. Stem-leaves decurrent on the back of the 

 stem ; rootlets proceeding only from the base of the deeply 2-cleft amphigastria. 

 (Name formed of ^iXoy, herbage, and (TKixposi cup; in allusion to the herba- 

 ceous calyptra.) 



1. C. poIyuilttlOS, Corda. Stems procumbent; leaves ovate-quadrate ; 

 involucral leaves 2, slightly 2-toothed ; perianth 3-lobed, the lobes short and 

 nearly entire. Kocks, &c. (Eu.) 



2. C. ascciidens, Hook. & Wils. Stems prostrate; leaves ascending, 

 roundish-oblong, slightly emarginate; involucral leaves 2, two-cleft; perianth 

 2 -3-lobed ; the lobes long and irregularly lacerate-toothed. (C. labiatus, 

 Taylor.) On rotten logs, &c. A large species, with pale-green foliage. 

 (Tab. 21.) 



3. C. Drummdndii, Tayl. (in Lond. Jour. Bot. 1846.) Densely csespi 

 tose; stems branching, prostrate (the gemmiferous ones ascending, attenuated) ; 

 leaves erect-patent, oblong, 2-cleft; amphigastria ovate, acute, connate with 

 the adjacent pair of leaves ; perianth oblong, inflated, bifid and subcompressed 

 at the mouth, gibbous at the ventral base, terminal on short naked branches ; 

 involucral leaves 3 - 4, laciniate, scale-like : a small species. "Bark of trees, 

 North America, Drummond." 



