HEPATIC^E. (LIVERWORTS.) 695 



17. J. obtMSifolia, Hook. Stems ascending, simple ; lobes of the leaves 

 oblong, obtuse or acute, minutely denticulate, the ventral scymitar-shaped ; the 

 dorsal smaller, oblique. Dry, hilly situations, on the ground. (Eu.) 



18. J. albicaiis, L. Stems ascending : the dorsal lobe of the leaf ovate, 

 the ventral larger, oblong-ovate, scymitar-shaped, both with a broad pellucid 

 line in the middle ; perianth obovate, cylindrical, the mouth plicate-dentate. 

 Moist banks, in hilly districts. (En.) 



25. SCAPANIA. Lindenberg. (Tab. 22.) 



Fructification terminal. Involucral leaves 2, larger than the cauline. Peri- 

 antn compressed parallel to the plane of the stem, the mouth entire or ciliate- 

 toothed. Calyptra membranaceous. Capsule oval. Elaters with 2 spiral fibres. 

 Antheridia in the angles of small and saccate equally 2-lobed perigonial leaves. 

 Stem-leaves complicate - 2-lobed ; the dorsal lobe smaller. Amphigastria none. 

 (Name probably from <TKairdvr), a shovel ; from the shape of the lobes of the 

 leaves.) 



1. S. nemorosa, Nees. Stems ascending, crowded; leaves ciliate- 

 toothed, each lobe convex, obtuse; the ventral ^obovate, oblique, twice as large 

 as the other. Common on moist banks, &c. A variable species, ' to 3' long, 

 pale yellow, green, or purple : texture of the leaf rather firm. (Eu.) 



2. S. Mlldiilata, Nees & Montagne. Leaves ciliate-denticulate or entire, 

 loose, spreading ; lobes rounded-trapezoidal, the upper half the size of the lower, 

 except at the summit of the stem, where they are equal ; of thin and flaccid tex- 

 ture (green or purple.) Mountainous districts. (Tab. 22.) (Eu.) 



3. S. breviflora, Tayl. (in Lond. Jour. Bot. 1846.) Stems ascending; 

 leaves dentate, deeply 2-lobed, lobes rotund-triangular, the upper one much 

 smaller, springing from the plane of the lower near its dorsal margin ; perianth 

 obconic, plicate, compressed, shortly 4-laciniate and dentate at its mouth, its 

 narrow base surrounded by lanceolate, serrate scales ; involucral leaves long as 

 the perianth. Near Philadelphia, Dr. Watson. 



26. PL, AOIOCHIL, A, Nees & Montagne. (Tab. 22.) 



Fructification terminal or lateral. Involucral leaves 2, larger than the cauline. 

 Perianth compressed at right angles to the plane of the stem ; the mouth trun- 

 cate, entire or ciliate-toothed. Calyptra membranaceous. Capsule oval. Ela- 

 ters with two spiral fibres. Antheridia covered by small and ventricose-imbri- 

 cated perigonial leaves. Stem-leaves with the dorsal margin decurrent and re- 

 flexed, often turned to one side (whence the name, from rrXaytoy, sideways, and 

 j(iAo?, herbage). 



* Amphigastria none : mif.ce. of the perianth toothed-ciliate. 



1. P. spill lilosa, Nees & Montagne. Stems creeping, the branches as- 

 cending ; leaves remote, oblique, spreading, obovate-wedge-shaped ; the dorsal 

 margin entire, the ventral and the apex spinulose-toothed ; perianth lateral. 

 Banks of rivulets, Alleghany Mountains. (Eu.) 



2. P. aspleiiioidcs, Xecs & Moutagne. Leaves somewhat imbricated, 



