38 9. VIOLACE.E. 



stip. ovate or lanceolate ciliate or dentate much shorter than the 

 petioles, primary and lateral stems flowering and elongated. R. 

 iii. 10. V. pumila H. and A. (not Vill.}. Rather csespitose. L. 

 always roundedly acute, longer than those of No. 4. Fl. bluish 

 purple, spur yellow, scentless. Cor.-spur 1 3 times longer than 

 cal. -appendages. Lower pet. spathulate. V. flavicornis (Sin.) 

 is a small form with cordate leaves. When the 1. are cordate- 

 oblong it is perhaps V.montana (Linn.). /3. V.lancifolia(T\iore)', 

 L ovate-lanceolate rounded below, stip. lanceolate incise-serrate. 

 V. pumila Fries (not Vill. which is V. pratensis Fr. and is rhizo- 

 matous). V. lactea Sm. E. B. 445. H. and A. (in part). L. 

 narrowing gradually from near their base to a narrow but rounded 

 point. Sandy and peaty places. /3. in turf bogs, rare. P. IV. V. 

 Dcg Violet. 



ft Rhizome slender. 



6. V. stagnina (Kit.); anth.-spur short, broadly lancet-shaped 

 acute (not twice as long as broad), cor. -spur very short blunt, 1. 

 ovate-lanceolate subcordate below, petioles winged at the top, 

 stip. linear-lanceolate incise-serrate shorter than the petioles, 

 primary and lateral st. flowering and elongated. V. lactea R. 

 iii. 16. not Sm., V. stricta Bab. Rhizome threadlike. St. erect. 

 L. narrowing gradually from the base which in the lowest is 

 sometimes rounded not cordate. Fl. pale blue, nearly white. 

 Cor.-spur scarcely longer than the cal.-appendages. Rare. Turf 

 bogs. P.V. VI. E. 



B. Four upper pet. directed upwards and imbricate. Style 

 clavate. Stigma inflated. 



7- V. lutea (Huds.); anth.-cells nearly parallel, anth.-spurs 

 long filiform, spur of the cor. as long or longer than the caly- 

 cine appendages, sep. acute, 1. crenate- serrate lower ones ovate- 

 cordate, upper 1. ovate or lanceolate, stip. palmate-pinnatifid, 

 terminal lobe linear or linear-lanceolate entire, st. ascending dif- 

 fuse and filiform underground. E. B. 721. Fl. wholly yellow, 

 yellow with the 2 upper petals purple or wholly purple, varying 

 greatly in size. Caps, globose. All the lobes of the stip. of 

 nearly equal size, lateral ones (usually 3 on one side and 1 on the 

 other) all springing from near the base of the stip., the terminal 

 lobe narrow and always I believe quite entire but sometimes con- 

 siderably larger than the others. /3. V. Curtisii (Forst.) ; stems 

 angular rough, lower part of the stip. somewhat elongated so as 

 slightly to separate the lateral lobes. E.B.S. 2693. Moun- 

 tainous pastures. /3. Sands near the sea. P. VI. VII. 



S. V. tricolor (L.) ; anth.-cells diverging below, anth.-spurs 

 long subclavate-filiform, spur of the corolla about equalling 



