LEONTODON. SONCHUS. 195 



42. LEONTODON Linn. Dandelion. 



1. L. Taraxacum (L.) ; 1. runcinate toothed, fr. linear-obovate 

 blunt and squamosely muricated at the summit longitudinally 

 striated with a long beak. Stalks single-headed, radical. Florets 

 yellow. L. all radical, very variable, glabrous or slightly hispid. 

 I. Outer involucral scales reflexed or patent. a. L. Tarax- 

 acum (Sm.); outer scales linear deflexed, fr. yellow its upper half 

 muricated, glabrous or woolly at the crown of the root, 1. run- 

 cinate broad. E. B. 517. j3. Taraxacum IcBvigatum (DC.) ; 

 outer scales erect-patent ovate, fr. reddish -yellow muricated at 

 the summit, beak with a tnickened and coloured base, 1. runcinate- 

 pinnatifid with unequal teeth. y. T. erythrospermum (DC.); 

 outer scales lanceolate adpressed or patent, fr. bright red muri- 

 cated at the summit, beak with a thickened and coloured base, 

 1. runcinate-pinnatifid with unequal teeth and intermediate 

 smaller ones. Lowermost 1. sometimes obovate and dentate, 

 not runcinate when it becomes T. obovatum DC. II. Outer 

 scales adpressed. d. L. palustre (Sm.) ; outer scales ovate- 

 acuminate, fr. pale yellow or brown muricated at the summit, 

 1. oblong and entire sinuate-dentate or runcinate; or outer scales 

 ovate-lanceolate or (L. leptocephalum R.) lanceolate. E. B. 553. 

 Very common, y. in dry places, d. in bogs or damp places. 

 Jr. 111. A.. 



43. SONCHUS Linn. Sowthistle. 



1. S. oleraceus (L.) ; 1. undivided or pinnatifid toothed clasp- 

 ing, auricles spreading arrowshoped,fr. transversely rugose and 

 longitudinally ribbed, st. branched, heads subumbellate, involucres 

 glabrous. E. E. 843. St. 23 feet high. L. flattish, lower 

 stalked. Florets yellow. /3. glandulosus(Gan(i.); top of st., ped., 

 and inv. bearing gland-tipped hairs. Common. A. VI. VIII. 

 Sowthistle. 



2. S. asper (Hoffm.) ; 1. undivided or pinnatifid sharply toothed 

 clasping, auricles rounded, fr. longitudinally ribbed smooth, st. 

 branched, heads subumbellate, involucres glabrous. E. B. S. 

 2765, 2766. St. 23 feet high. L. crisped, lower stalked. 

 Florets yellow. Common. A. VI. VIII. Sowthistle. 



3. /S. arvensis (L.) ; 1. lanceolate runcinate finely toothed cor- 

 date at the base, uppermost 1. entire, st. simple, heads corymbose, 

 involucre and peduncles glandular-hairy, fr. with transversely ru- 

 gose ribs, root creeping. E. B. 674. St. 3 4 feet high, leafy. 

 L. long, acute. Heads large, florets yellow. Fields and waste 

 ground. P. VIII. IX. Corn Sowthistle. 



4. S. palustris (L.) ; 1. linear-lanceolate " lower runcinate,' 

 upper I. simple, all arrowshaped spinosely-ciliated, auricles acute, 



K2 



