310 78. CONIFERS. 



involucre formed of the 3 uppermost connate scales of the 

 catkin. G. F. G. Monochl. 12. 



Tr. III. ABIETINEJE. Fl. in catkins. Anth. 2, 1-celled, 

 adnate to the underside of the scales. Fern. fl. a flat scale- 

 like open ovary in the axil of a membranous scale. Ovules 

 in pairs on the inner face of the ovary, pointing towards the 

 axis. 



3. PINUS. Male catkins crowded, racemose. Scales of the 

 cone (carpels) thickened and angular at the end. Seeds 

 with a crustaceous coat, winged. G. F. G. Monochl. 6. 



Tribe I. Taxinece. 



1. TAXUS Linn. Yew. 



1. T. baccata (L.) ; 1. 2-ranked crowded linear acute, fl. axil- 

 lary sessile. E. B. 746. A low tree, trunk often attaining a very 

 considerable bulk. Fr. roundish. /3. T.fastigiata (Lindl.); 1. 

 scattered, fr. oblong, branches fastigiate. Mountainous woods 

 and limestone cliffs. /3. North of Ireland. T. III. IV. Yew. 

 /3. Irish Yew. 



Tribe II. Cupressinete. 



2. JUNIPERUS Linn. Juniper. 



1. J. communis (L.) ; 1. 3 in each whorl spreading linear sub- 

 ulate mucronate keeled exceeding the ripe fruit. E. B. 1 100. 

 Fruticose, erect. L. with a broad flat shallow channel above, 

 the keel beneath with a slender furrow. Berries black, tinged 

 with blue, about half the length of the leaves. Dry hills, espe- 

 cially on a calcareous soil. Sh. V. 



2. J. nana (Willd.)j 1. 3 in each whorl incurved linear-lan- 

 ceolate mucronate keeled equalling the ripe fruit. E. B. S. 2743. 

 A prostrate shrub with longer berries and shorter leaves than 

 the last. Mountains. Sh. V. 



Tribe III. Abietinea. 

 3. PINUS Linn. Scotch Fir. 



1. P. sylvestris (L.) ; 1. in pairs, young cones stalked recurved 

 ovate-conical, wing thrice as long as the seed. E. B. 2460. A 

 lofty tree. Cones referred by the late Prof. Don to P. Mughus (a 

 variety of this species) have been found at considerable depths in 

 the Irish bogs. Highlands. T. V. VI. S. 



