METHODS 



Prior to fieldwork, the Biological Conservation Database 

 maintained by the Montana Natural Heritage Program was queried 

 for records of BLM potential sensitive and watch species known 

 from the study area vicinity. This produced information on 

 ten species from twelve sites, mostly outside of BLM lands, 

 which nevertheless was useful in planning the timing of 

 fieldwork. 



Surveys were conducted in the Tendoy Mountains during 

 June and July of 1993. Peter Lesica worked in the area on 

 June 7-8 and July 9-13 and July 26-27. Jim Vanderhorst worked 

 here on June 11-17, 22, 26, 27, and 30, and July 1. Searches 

 were made on foot in both known and potential habitats for 

 sensitive species, representing many of the typical and 

 unusual habitats scattered throughout the range. Maps showing 

 primary travel routes are given in Appendix A. 



At the time this survey was conducted, only two species 

 were proposed by BLM as sensitive in the Tendoy Mountains 

 while twenty more were proposed as watch. This reflected the 

 paucity of botanical studies in the area. Montana plant 

 species of special concern in general were added to the list 

 of target species (Heidel and Poole 1993) to ensure that 

 species were not omitted which may warrant consideration as 

 sensitive. The compiled lists of species sought is referred 

 to here as the target species or potentially sensitive species 

 throughout this report. 



Field notes were taken, including lists of all vascular 

 plant taxa which could be identified. Whenever populations of 

 target species were encountered, more detailed notes were 

 taken, standard field survey forms were filled out, and the 

 populations were mapped. Data collected included information 

 on habitat (associated vegetation, landscape position, soils) , 

 demography (population numbers, flowering extent and area 

 covered), plant biology (phenology, vigor, reproductive 

 success) , and potential threats to the populations. 

 Photographs (35 mm slides) were taken of most target species 

 and their habitats. 



Voucher specimens were collected when adequate material 

 was available and will be deposited at the herbaria at the 

 University of Montana (MONTU) or at Montana State University 

 (MONT) . Some collections were also made of the general flora, 

 especially when field identification was difficult. Following 

 the field season, specimens in certain groups were verified by 

 specialists; these included the Apiaceae, Caryophyllaceae, and 

 Haplopappus (Ronald Hartman, Rocky Mountain Herbarium at 

 University of Wyoming, Laramie) , and Delphinium (Michael 

 Warnock, Sam Houston State University at Huntsville, Texas) . 



