species was considered subdominant at the site. The 

 areal extent of the population is not known. Demographic 

 details are lacking or minimal for all occurrences in 

 Montana. 



2. Reproductive biology: Carex vallicola is a clump forming 

 sedge, reproducing sexually by seed. Mature fruit are 

 reported from most of the known occurrences in Montana; 

 fruit were present from mid-June to mid-August. The 

 population in the study area had mostly dispersed fruit 

 on July 21, 1994. 



F. MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS 



Carex vallicola has a wide range in the Great Plains, Rocky 

 Mountains and Great Basin, but it is poorly known in Montana. 

 Studies in Utah suggest that the species has undergone a 

 decline due to its high palatability and sensitivity to 

 grazing (Lewis 1958). Distribution and population trends m 

 Montana are impossible to judge due to lack of available data. 

 Considering these facts, designation as a Sensitive species by 

 Region 1 of the U.S. Forest Service is probably not warranted 

 at this time. Designation as a Watch species by the 

 Beaverhead National Forest, however, would encourage the 

 needed collection of additional distribution and population 

 data. In addition, this species may have value as an 

 indicator of range quality. 



The population on the Beaverhead National Forest in the 

 Tendoys is close to a spring which has been developed as a 

 water source for cattle, and the habitat immediately adjacent 

 to the spring has been degraded by trampling and weed 

 infestations. At the date of the survey there was no evidence 

 of recent grazing at the site. The impact of grazing on Carex 

 vallicola in the study area is not known. 



Lomatium attenuatum Evert 

 Tapertip Biscuitroot 



A. DESCRIPTION 



1. General description: This is a yellow flowered member of 

 the Apiaceae (carrot family). The leaves are dissected 

 and have a sheathing petiole. The flowers are borne in a 

 compound umbel with an inconspicuous involucel subtending 

 the umbelets. The flowers are 5-merous except for the 

 bicarpellate ovary. The fruits are schizocarps which are 

 flattened parallel to their sutures, with low ribs on 

 their faces. Figure 7 is an illustration of the species. 



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