en. XXI.] A Disco2trse on Righteousness. 



commissioner of works. " Three things," he said, 

 " are necessary in a governor, who would effect real 

 good in the department he administers — ' vouloir, 

 savoir, et j^ouvoir ! ' Midhat had the first and last 

 qualifications, but not the second. He was a half- 

 educated man." With regard to another important 

 matter, he remarked that the first reform wanted 

 in Turkey was the establishment of real religious 

 equality. Toleration already existed ; but some- 

 thing more was required. The law should make no 

 distinction in dealing with men of different creeds, 

 any more than with men of different races. Many 

 races and many creeds were comprised in the Otto- 

 man Empire. 



Wilfrid. " Yet the Mussulman religion invented 

 toleration many centuries before it was accepted by 

 the Christian governments of Europe." 



Kadderhj. " Say rather, reinvented it, for tole- 

 ration Avas always the law of ancient Eome. This 

 was in its day a great step in advance, but Islam 

 has now fallen behind Christendom. It is time 

 that religious bitterness should cease in Asia as it 

 has in Europe." 



We did not venture to touch upon the more deli- 

 cate point of oflicial honesty. We felt that we 

 might be treading on dangerous ground ; for, 

 although it w^as difiicult to imagine a gentleman, 

 with such excellent principles as the Valy's, putting 

 his hand into the public purse, the chances of our 

 having hit upon an immaculate governor were so 



