en. XXIV.] Shamniar Tribes. 189 



Allies and Tributaries of the Shamniar, independent, for the 

 most part, of Turkish authority : — 



TKNT.S. 



1. Zoba, a Bedouin tribe, owning camels and mares, 



and carrying the lance. They occupy Southei-n 

 Mesopotamia as far as the junction of the rivers. 

 Their present Hhcykh is Zahir el Hamoud ... .0000 



2. Haildadin, a pastoral tribe ; rich, peaceable, and 



honest, owning few camels or mares. They are 

 entrusted by the fellahin of Mosul, Orfa and 

 Aleppo with sheep to pasture during the winter. 

 They occupy Upper Mesopotamia, north of the 

 Sinjar hills. Their Sheykh is of the family of 

 IbnWm-shan 2000 



3. Tai, a pure Bedouin tril)e, formerly very powerful 



in Upper Mesopotamia, and allied to the Tai of 

 Central Arabia. They o\vn camels and mares, 

 and carry the lance ; but are peaceable and rich. 

 They have numerous flocks of sheep. Their 

 present Sheykh, Abd er Rahman, is considered 

 of very nol^le family ... ... ... ... 1 000 



4. Ghess, or Jess, a warlike tribe, but not of pure 



Ai-ab blood. They own camels and mares, and 

 carry the lance ; occupying the extreme north- 

 west of Mesopotamia. Their Sheykh's name, 

 Abdullah lOOU 



5. Alhu Hamid, a small semi-Bedouin tribe, occupy- 



ing the countiy between Jebel Hamrin and JcIk'I 

 Sinjar. Their ' Sheykh, Feriian looO 



6. Jibiiri, a rich fellahin tribe, owning no camels or 



mares, and for the most part unarmed. They 

 occupy the Tigris above Tekrit, and the Kluibur, 

 where they pastm-e large herds of buffaloes and 

 cattle. They are hospitable to strangers, Ijut 

 take money for what they give 1 < >"( ► 



7. Ajiiari,Q, smaller tribe, resembling the Jibm-i ... 1000 



