CLASS I. GYMNOSPERMS 



Plants destitute of a closed ovary, style, or stigma. Ovules 

 generally borne naked on a carpellary scale, which forms part 

 of a cone. Cotyledons often several (Fig. 1). 



1. PINACE^. Pine Family 



Trees or shrubs with wood destitute of ducts, with resinous 

 and aromatic juice. Leaves generally evergreen, and needle- 

 shaped or awl-shaped. Flowers destitute of floral envelopes, 

 monoecious or dioecious, the staminate ones consisting of 

 catkin-like spikes of stamens and the pistillate ones consist- 

 ing of ovule-bearing scales, arranged in spikes, which ripen 

 into cones. 



A 

 Each scale of the cone home in the axil of a hract. Seeds 2, with toings. 

 Leaves evergreen, in bundles of 2-5, Pinus, I 



Leaves evergreen, solitary, sessile, keeled on both surfaces. 



Picea, II 

 Leaves evergreen, solitary, petioled, flat. Tsuga, III 



Leaves soHtary, evergreen, flat above, keeled below. Abies, TV 

 Leaves clustered, deciduous, flat. Larix, V 



Scales of the cone ivithout bracts, cone becoming globular and icoody. 

 Leaves linear. 



Leaves alternate, deciduous. Taxodium, VI 



13 



