122 KEY AND FLORA 



with a broad tube ; its lobes 5, persistent. Petals 5. Stamens 

 many. Carpels many, distinct, on a convex receptacle. Fruit 

 a cluster of little 1-seeded drupes on a dry or somewhat juicy 



receptacle. ^ ^ 



A. Kaspberries 



Grains of the fruit, when ripe, usually fall in [j off from the receptacle 

 and leaving the latter with the calyx. 



1. R. idaeus L., var. aculeatissimus. Red Raspberry. Stems 

 widely branching, biennial, not rooting at the tips, armed with 

 weak bristles and with a few hooked prickles. Leaves petioled, of 

 3-5 ovate leaflets which are sharply serrate and sometimes lobed, 

 downy beneath. Flowers in terminal and axillary racemes and 

 panicles, pedicels drooping. Fruit hemispherical or conical, red, 

 separating easily from the receptacle. Common on mountains and 

 burned clearings, Towa and N., and widely cultivated.* 



2. R. occidentalis L. Black Raspberry. Stems long and slender, 

 often recurved and rooting at the tips, armed with weak, hooked 

 prickles. Leaves petioled, 3-5 ovate leaflets, coarsely serrate, white- 

 downy below. Flowers white, in compact terminal corymbs. Pedi- 

 cels erect or ascending. Fruit black, hemispherical, separating easily 

 from the receptacle. Common on borders of woods, Missouri and 

 N., widely cultivated.* 



3. R. odoratus L. Flowering Raspberry (often wrongly called 

 Mulberry). Stems shrubby, rather stout, 3-5 ft. high, not prickly; 

 the young shoots, peduncles, and calyx covered with sticky glandular 

 hairs. Leaves large, simple, 3-5-lobed. Flowers showy, rose-purple, 

 1-2 in. in diameter, on many-flowered peduncles. Fruit red, flattish, 

 eatable. Rather common E. and N., and often cultivated. 



4. R. triflorus Richards. Dwarf Raspberry (also wrongly known 

 as Mulberhy). A slender, trailing plant, almost entirely herbaceous, 

 not prickly but sometimes bristly. Leaves compound, usually of 3 

 but sometimes of 5 thin, ovate-lanceolate, frequently unsymmetrical 

 leaflets, which are coarsely doubly serrate and often cleft or lobed, 

 with a shining upper surface. Flowers small, on 1-3-flowered pedun- 

 cles. Fruit usually few-grained, rather dark red, eatable, the grains 

 adhering somewhat to the receptacle. Common , especially N. , in hilly 

 woods, often forming a dense carpet in the partial shade of pines. 



B. Blackberries 



Grains of the ripe fruit falling from the calyx along with the soft, eat- 

 able recep)tacle. 



5. R. allegheniensis Porter. High Blackberry. Stem shrubby, 

 erect or bending, 3-7 ft. high, glandular-downy above and with stout, 



