174 KEY AND FLORA 



1, Z. aurea Koch. Meadow Parsnip, Golden Alexanders. 



Smooth, stem erect, 1-2 ft. high. Basal leaves mostly heart-shaped 

 and serrate ; stem leaves usually once compound in threes. Flowers 

 deep yellow. Fruit between globose and ovoid, about ^ in. long ; all 

 the ribs generally winged. Woods and thickets. 



VII. THASPIUM Nutt. 



Perennial herbs. Stem erect. Leaves 1-2, compound in 

 threes. Umbels compound ; involucre and involucels usually 

 wanting. Flowers yellow or purple. Calyx teeth small, acute. 

 Fruit ovoid or oblong, somewhat laterally compressed ; carpels 

 smooth, strongly ribbed ; oil tubes between the ribs.* 



1. T. barbinode Nutt. Hairy Meadow Parsnip. Stem erect, 

 branching above, downy at the nodes, 2-7 ft. high. Leaves petioled, 

 slightly downy ; leaflets mostly thin, ovate, toothed, incised or lobed 

 toward the apex, entire toward the base. L^mbels long-peduncled, 

 few-rayed. Fruit oblong ; lateral and central ribs strongly winged. 

 Along streams.* 



VIII. LOMATIUM Raf. 



Perennial herbs, appearing stemless. Eoots thickened. Leaves 

 dissected. Flowers white or yellow, in compound umbels, with 

 no general involucre. Calyx teeth usually wanting. Fruit 

 orbicular, oval or oblong, much flattened dorsally, the lateral 

 ribs extended into broad wings ; oil tubes 1-4 on the intervals 

 between wings and 2-6 on the junctions of the carpels. 



1. L. orientale Coult. & Rose. White-Flowered Parsley. 

 Downy, with peduncles 3-8 in. high. Leaves twice pinnate, the 

 segments oblong or ovate, generally cut into rather obtuse linear or 

 nearly linear lobes. Bracts of the involucels lanceolate, with thin 

 membranous margins. Flowers white or pinkish. Fruit oval or 

 round, notched at the base, smooth ; oil tubes solitary in the inter- 

 vals betw^een ribs. Dry soil W. 



2. L. daucifolium Coult. & Rose. Carrot-Leaved Parsley. 

 Leaves finely dissected into short linear or thread-like segments. 

 Petals yellow^ Fruit oval, with prominent dorsal ribs. Prairies W. 



IX. PASTINACA L. 



A tall, smooth biennial, with a stout, grooved stem. Leaves 

 pinnate. Flowers yellow, in large umbels, with hardly any 



