178 KEY AND FLORA 



without appendages and opening by pores or by a transverse 



slit. Fruit a capsule containing a great number of very small 



seeds. 



I. CHIMAPHILA Pursh. 



Low plants, nearly herbaceous, with reclining stems, from 

 long, horizontal, underground shoots. Leaves opposite or 

 whorled, leathery, shining, evergreen, on .short petioles. 

 Flowers fragrant, white or purplish, on a corymb or umbel 

 which terminates the stem. Calyx 5-cleft or 5-parted, per- 

 sistent. Petals 5, concave, roundish, spreading. Stamens 10, 

 the filaments enlarged and downy in the middle, the anthers 

 somewhat 4-celled, opening when mature by pores at the 

 outer end. Style top-shaped, nearly buried in the top of the 

 globular ovary. Capsule erect, 5-celled. 



1. C. umbellata Nutt. Prince's Pine, Pipsissewa. Branches 

 leafy, 4-12 in. high. Leaves spatulate or wedge-oblanceolate, obtuse 

 or nearly so, sharply serrate, very green and glossy. Flowers sev- 

 eral, umbeled or somewhat corymbed, white or pinkish, the anthers 

 violet. Dry woods, especially under pine trees. 



2. C. maculata Pursh. Spotted Wintergreen. Much resem- 

 bles No. 1, but has only scattered teeth on the leaves, which are 

 mottled with white on the upper surface and are often broad or 

 rounded at the base. Dry woods. 



II. PYROLA L. 



Biennial or perennial, almost woody herbs ; rootstocks slen- 

 der and creeping. Leaves mostly basal, with broad petioles, 

 evergreen. Flowers in racemes, nodding, on a bracted scape. 

 Sepals 5. Corolla usually globose, of 5 free or nearly free, 

 roundish petals. Stamens 10, in pairs opposite the petals, 

 hypogynous ; anthers as in ChimaphUa. Capsule globose, 

 5-celled, splitting into 5 valves, the latter usually with downy 

 edges. 



1. P. elliptica Nutt. Shin Leaf. Scape 5-10 in. high. Leaf blades 

 obovate-oval or elliptical, rather thin, dark green, faintly scalloped, 

 almost always longer than their margined petioles. Flowers greenish- 

 white, very fragrant. Rich, usually dry, woods, especially N. 



2. P. americana Sweet. Round-Leaved Wintergreen, Scape 

 6-20 in. high. Leaf blades roundish or oval, leathery, shining above, 



