MADDER FAMILY 229 



grooving in pairs, joined by their ovaries. Calyx 4-tootlied. 

 Corolla funnel-shaped, with the lobes bearded within. Sta- 

 mens 4, short. Style 1 ; stigmas 4, slender. Fruit double, 

 composed of the united ovaries ; really a drupe, containing 

 8 seed-like, bony nutlets, ripening into tasteless scarlet berries, 

 which cling to the plant through the winter. 



1. M. repens L. Partridge Berry, Squaw Vine, Two-Eye 

 Berry. Common in dry woods, especially under evergreen conif- 

 erous trees. 



III. BOUVARDIA Salisb. 



Smooth perennials. Leaves lanceolate, thickish. Calyx 4- 

 lobed, the divisions slender. Corolla with a long and narrow 

 or rather trumpet-shaped tube, and spreading, 4-lobed limb. 

 Anthers 4, inserted in the throat of the corolla, almost ses- 

 sile. Stigmas 2, flat. Capsule globular, 2-celled, many-seeded. 

 F'lowers dimorphous. 



1. B. triphylla Salisb. Three-Leaved Bouvardia. Somewhat 

 shrubby. Leaves nearly smooth, ovate or oblong-ovate ; the lower 

 ones in threes, the upper ones sometimes in pairs. Corolla scarlet 

 and slightly downy outside. 



2. B^leianthaBenth. Dowxy-Leaved Bouvardia. Leaves rather 

 downy. Corolla deep scarlet, smooth outside. 



Both species cultivated from Mexico; in greenhouses. 



IV. HOUSTONIA L. 



Annual, biennial, or perennial herbs ; stems erect or dif- 

 fuse. Leaves entire; stipules often only a line connecting the 

 bases of opposite leaves. Flowers small, solitary or clustered, 

 dimorphous, the stamens projecting and the style short in 

 one form, while in the other the stamens are short and the 

 style projecting. Calyx 4-toothed, persistent. Corolla wheel- 

 shaped to funnelform, 4-lobed. Stamens 4. Ovary 2-celled; 

 style slender; stigmas 2. Fruit a 2-celled, few-many-seeded 

 capsule, opening at the apex, free from the calyx.* 



1. H. coerulea L. Bluets, Innocence, Quaker Ladies, Eye- 

 bright. Perennial, from very slender rootstocks ; steins tufted, 

 erect, smooth, forking, :5-G in. high. Leaves sessile, often hairy- 

 fringed, the lower spatulate, the upper lanceolate. Flowers solitary, 



