COMPOSITE FAMILY 247 



lanceolate or oblong, the segments finely cut and divided, smooth or 

 downy, the lower petioled, the upper sessile. Heads small, numerous, 

 in flat-topped corymbs ; bracts downy. Ray flowers 4-5, white or 

 pink, rays 3-lobed at the apex. Common in old fields.* 



IX. ANTHEMIS L. 



Aromatic or ill-scented herbs. Leaves finely pinnately 

 divided. Heads many-flowered, with ray flowers. Rays pistil- 

 late or neutral. Involucre of many small, dry, close-pressed 

 scales. Akenes nearly cylindrical, generally ribbed, barely 

 crowned or naked at the summit. 



1. A. Cotula L. Mayweed, Dog Fennel. Leaves irregularly cut 

 into very many narrow segments. Heads small, produced all summer. 

 Disk yellow. Rays rather short, white, neutral. A low, offensive- 

 smelling annual Aveed, by roadsides and in barnyards. 



2. A. arvensis L. Field Chamomile. Annual or biennial. Re- 

 sembling .4. Cotula, but without offensive smell. Leaves less finely 

 once or twice pinnately parted. In fields and waste ground. Natu- 

 ralized from Europe. 



X. CHRYSANTHEMUM L. 



Perennials, with toothed, pinnately cut or divided leaves. 

 Heads nearly as in Antliemis, except that the ray flowers are 

 pistillate. 



1. C. Leucanthemum L. Oxeye Daisy, Whiteweed, Bull's-Eye. 

 Sheriff Pink. Stem erect, unbranched or nearly so, 1-2 ft. high. 

 Basal leaves oblong-si)atulate, petioled, deeply and irregularly toothed ; 

 stem leaves sessile and clasping, toothed and cut, the uppermost ones 

 shading off into bracts. Heads terminal and solitary, large and showy, 

 with a yellow disk and many white rays. A troublesome but hand- 

 some ])erennial weed. Naturalized from Europe, chiefly E. 



2. C. frutescens L. INlARGrEiJiTE. Erect, branching, perennial, 

 woody below, smooth, and with a pale bloom. Divisions of the leaves 

 linear, with the uppermost leaves often merely i3-cleft bracts. Heads 

 long-peduncled, showy, with a yellow disk and large, spreading white 

 rays. Cultivated in greenhouses. From the Canary Islands. 



XI. SENECIO L. 



Annual or perennial ; stems often hollow. Leaves alternate, 

 entire or pinnately divided. Heads with or without rays, in 

 terminal corymbs ; bracts mostly in a single row, often with a 



