LIST OF DISEASES 



haps also some form of eczema 

 or lupus. Also = shingles. 



Ileus. — Severe colic. Possibly 

 appendicitis was inchided 

 under tliis term. 



ItHpetigo. — The Romans used 

 this term of various kinds of 

 eczema. Celsus (V 28. 17) 

 mentions four, the last being 

 incurable. 



Impelus. — Inflammation or an 

 infiamed swelhng ; PHny has 

 impetxis ociilorum. With the 

 genitive of a word meaning 

 a specific disease it denotes 

 an attack of it. 



Intei-trigo. — Chafing, especially 

 between the legs. 



Ischias. — Sciatica. 



Laterum dolor. — " Severe pain 

 in the sido," nearly always 

 pleurisy. 



Lentiqo. — Freckles. 



Leproe.— Seems to be used of 

 any scaly disease of the skin ; 

 PHny gives cures. There was 

 a kind regarded as incurable, 

 but this is not mentioned by 

 Pliny, who has forty-six 

 references, all to cures. 



Lethargus (lethargia). — In Hip- 

 pocrates probably the coma- 

 tose form of pernicious nia- 

 laria, but later perhaps also 

 prolonged coma of any kind. 



Lichen. — This is said by Ph'ny 

 (XXVI 2-4) to be a new 

 disease to Italy, usually 

 boginning on the chin. Hence 

 the name mentagra (cliin 

 disease). Littre diagnoses it as 

 leprosy, but PUny says (XXVI 

 § 1) sine dolore quidem illos, ac 

 sine pernicie vitae. This state- 

 ment, as Pliny puts it, apphes 

 also to carhunculus and 

 elephantiasis, but Pliny's own 



account of these diseases is 

 quite inconsistent with si?ie 

 pernicie. So Pliny's remark 

 is carelessly inaccurate, or 

 applies only to lichenes. 



Lippitudo. — Inflammation of the 

 eye, generally ophthalmia. 



Luxata. — Dislocations. 



MaJandria. — Pustules on the 

 neck. 



M elancholicus . — One suffering 

 from melancholia, which in- 

 cluded malarial cachexia and 

 many molancholic conditions, 

 even mere nervousness. In 

 fact it included any disease 

 supposed to be caused by 

 " black bile " (/ie'Aan'a x°^l)- 



Mentagra. — In XXVI 2 called 

 a lichen beginning on the 

 chin. See iichen. 



Nome (pl. 7iomae).—A spreading 

 ulcer, much the same as 

 ulcus serpens. 



Nuhecula. — A cloudy film on 

 the eye, somotimes cataract. 



Nyctalops. — One afilicted with 

 night blindness. 



Opisthotonus. — The form of 

 tetanus in which the body 

 curves backwards. 



Orthopnoea.- — Serious asthma, 

 when the patient cannot 

 breathe unloss upright. 



Panus. — Spencer in a note on 

 Celsus V 18, 19 calls this a 

 " superficial abscess in a 

 hair follicle." It occurred 

 chiefly on the scalp, on the 

 groin and under the arm. 



Paronychia {-um). — Whitlow. 



Parotis. — A swelling of the 

 glands by the ears. Some 

 authorities think that it 

 may have included mumps, 

 which is described in Hippo- 

 crates, Epidemics 1. 



551 



