BOOK XXXI \'. xi\. 93-xx. 95 



not pass over in spite of the sculptor's not being 

 known — the figure, next to the Beaked Platform, of 

 Heracles in the Tunic,® the only one in Rome that 

 shows him in that dress ; the countenance is stern 

 and the statue expresses the feehng of the final 

 agonv of the tunic. On this statue there are three 

 inscriptions, one stating that it had been part of the 

 bootv taken ^ by the general Lucius LucuUus, and 

 another sapng that it was dedicated, in pursuance 

 of a decree of the Senate, by Lucullus's son while 

 still a ward, and the third, that Titus Septimius 

 Sabinus as curule aedile had caused it to be restored 

 to the public from private ownership. So many 

 were the rivalries connected \\ith this statue and so 

 highly was it valued. 



XX. But we m111 now turn our attention particu- vario-as 

 larly to the various forms of copper, and its blends. {5^"/^ 

 In the case of the copper of Cyprus ' chaplet copper ' copper ana 

 is made into thin leaves, and when dyed with ox-gall "''^'^- 

 gives the appearance of gilding on theatrical property 

 coronets ; and the same material mixed with gold 

 in the proportion of six scruples of gold to the ounce 

 makes a very thin plate called pyropus, ' fire-coloured ' 

 and acquires the colour of fire. Bar copper also is 

 produced in other mines, and likewise fused copper. 

 The difference between them is that the latter can 

 only be fused, as it breaks under the hammer, 

 whereas bar copper, otherwise called ductile copper, 

 is malleable, which is the case with all Cyprus copper. 

 But also in the other mines, this difference of bar 

 copper from fused copper is produced by treatment ; 

 for all copper after impurities have been rather 

 carefully removed by fire and melted out of it 

 becomes bar copper. Among the remaining kinds 



197 



