BOOK XXXV. xLiii. 151-XLIV. 153 



tirst invented by Butades, a potter of Sicyon, at 



Corinth. He did this owing to his daughter, who 



was in love with a young man ; and she, when he was 



goinij abroad. drew in outHne on the wall the shadow 



of his face thrown by a lamp. Her father pressed 



clay on this and made a relief, which he hardened by 



exposure to fire with the rest of his pottery ; and it 



is said that this Hkeness w\as preserved in the Shrine 



of the Nymphs until the destruction of Corinth by i46 b.c. 



Mummius. Some authorities state that the plastic 



art was first invented by Rhoecus and Theodorus * 



at Samos, long before the expulsion of the Bacchiadae 58i-5S0 b.c. 



from Corinth, but that when Damaratus, who in 



Etruria became the father of Tarquin king of the trad. 6I6- 



Roman people, was banished from the same city, ^^^ ^*' ' 



he was accompanied by the modellers Euchir, 



Diopus and Eugrammus,'' and they introduced 



modelling to Italy. The method of adding red earth 



to the material or else modelHng out of red chalk, 



was an invention of Butades, and he first placed 



masks as fronts to the outer gutter-tiles on roofs ; 



these at the first stage he called prostypa,'^ but 



afterwards he Hkewise made ech/pa.'^ It was from 



these that the ornaments on the pediments of temples 



originated. Because of Butades modellers get 



their Greek name of plastae. 



XLIV. The first person who modeHed a likeness 

 in plaster of a human being from the living face 

 itself, and established the method of pouring wax 

 into this plaster mould and then making final correc- 

 tions on the wax cast, was Lysistratus of Sicyon, Lysistratus. 

 the brother of Lysippus of whom we have spoken. ^^^^^ 

 Indeed he introduced the practice of giving Hke- 

 nesses, the object aimed at previously having been to 



373 



XXXIV, 61, 



