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indirect one of furnishing soil and protecting other 

 plants against the effects of the great heat or cold. 



Lichens : 



These are the grayish mosslike plants found growing 

 everywhere, on fences, trees, stones. 



The so-called reindeer moss is a lichen, found also 

 very commonly here, on stones or on the ground, gray 

 and much branched. 



Three common types of Lichens. 



In reality, a lichen is a partnership formed between a 

 colorless fungi and a green water plant, or alg», by 

 which they live together amicably, each helping the other. 



Fungi : 



To this class belong plants destitute of green coloring 

 matter, living on dead or dying organic substance, and, in 

 consequence, unlike all other plants, perfectly independent 

 of light. 



