THE ECOLOGY OF PLANTS. 459 



32. Mention eight plants that you have found growing on open 

 roadsides (not much shaded by hedges), and eight that you have found 

 growing under the trees of a wood. Have you noticed any characters 

 of these two groups which seem to you to have anything to do with 

 the difference of habitat ? 



33. Show, by reference to alpine plants, to the carpet of spring 

 flowers in woodlands, to flowers of foreign origin in English gardens, 

 to the lack of flowers in hayfields after July, and by other illustrations, 

 that the competition of neighbouring plants is one important condition 

 of plant-life. 



34. Name the month or months of flowering of each of the following 

 plants : Alder, Ash, Beech, Bluebell (Wild Hyacinth), Coltsfoot, Elder, 

 Gorse, Hazel, Honeysuckle, Horse Chestnut, Ivy, Laurustinus, Lesser 

 Celandine, Ling, Oak, Pine, Ragwort, Red Campion, Snowdrop, Sweet 

 Chestnut, Tormentil, Water-buttercup, Water-mint, Wood-anemone, 

 Wood-sorrel. 



35. Give an account of any observations you may have made on the 

 colonisation by plants of land bare of vegetation. What characters 

 enable plants to colonise such land ? 



36. What other plants have you found growing among the grass of a 

 garden lawn ? Explain why these plants are able to grow there, and 

 show how the garden-mowing machine or scythe and other causes select 

 or influence the flora of the lawn. 



37. Mention the six most troublesome weeds in any garden with 

 which you are well acquainted. Explain carefully, so far as you can, 

 the reasons why each is specially troublesome. 



38. Describe the vegetation of an Oak or Sycamore wood, nam- 

 ing the plants observed and the dates of flowering. Compare the 

 vegetation with that of a Beech wood. How do you account for the 

 difference ? 



39. Suppose you were asked to write a report on the vegetation of 

 some particular acre of ground (heath, common, meadow, marsh, 

 woodland, moor, or hillside), how would you set about the task? 

 What would you try particularly to find out? What observations 

 and notes would you make ? How much time would you wish to be 

 allowed for the inquiry ? 



