&" INTRODUCTION. 



In the Kingfisher, Fig. 30, the oesophagus is rather wide 

 and tapering, the proventriculus moderate ; the stomach very 

 large and thin ; the intestine very long and slender, without 

 cceca ; the cloaca globular. 



Fig. 30. Fig< 



In the Finch, Fig. 31, the oesophagus is of moderate 

 width, with a slight crop or dilatation on one side ; the 

 proventriculus bulbiform ; the stomach roundish, with its 

 muscular coat thick and divided into lateral and inferior 

 muscles ; the intestine of moderate length and width ; the 

 cceca very small ; the cloaca oblong. 



After opening up a few birds, and inflating the alimen- 

 tary canal, the student will readily understand all the terms 

 used in the description of these parts. 



