192 EMBERIZIN^E. VLECTROPHANES. 



three outer tail-feathers nearly white. Female in winter si- 

 milar to the male, but darker, and with more reddish-brown 

 on the head and breast, and less white on the wings. Male 

 in summer, with the head, neck, lower parts, and a patch on 

 the wings pure white, the rest black. Female in summer 

 with the same parts white, but the head, cheeks, and a band 

 on the neck tinged with reddish ; the black feathers of the 

 upper parts edged with reddish-white. Young male and fe- 

 male in winter, with the head dark reddish-brown, the upper 

 parts yellowish-brown spotted with brownish-black, the lower 

 parts dull white, the fore-neck, breast, and sides tinged with 

 reddish-brown ; the male with the small wing-coverts reddish- 

 white, while in the female they are dusky. 



Male, 6 T V, 13, 4 T V, &, if, T V, V Female, 6J, 12 J. 



The Snowflakes arrive in the end of September and begin- 

 ning of October, and extend from the north of Scotland to the 

 south of England, remaining until the end of Spring, when 

 they return to the Arctic regions. It is probable, however, 

 that some breed in the Grampians, as I have seen in the be- 

 ginning of August several individuals there, and a family of 

 eight individuals on Loch-na-gar. In winter they frequent 

 the shores of the sea and their vicinity, and in fine weather 

 betake themselves to the interior. They fly somewhat in the 

 manner of Larks, run with great celerity, feed on seeds of va- 

 rious kinds, and insects or pupae. 



Snow Bunting. Snowflake. Snow-fowl. Oat-fowl. 



Emberiza nivalis, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. 308. Emberiza ni- 

 valis, Temm. Man. d'Ornith. i. 319. Plectrophanes nivalis, 

 Snow Lark- Bun ting, or Snowflake, MacGillivray, Brit. Birds, 

 i. 460. 



119. PLECTROPHANES LAPPONICA. LAPLAND LARK - 

 BUNTING. 



Male in winter with the top of the head black spotted with 

 red, the fore part of the neck greyish-white spotted with black, 

 the wings with two transverse white bands. Female with the 

 top of the head reddish-grey, spotted with black ; the throat 

 white ; the breast grey, spotted with black. Male in summer 

 with the top of the head, the cheeks, fore neck, and part of 

 the breast pure black, the lower parts white. 



Male, 6 T y, . , 3f, T V, . . , H> sV . 



This species, which, like the last, inhabits the northern re- 

 gions of both continents, migrating in autumn into the tem- 

 perate parts, is of very rare occurrence in Britain. The first 





