FULIGULIN^E. FULIGULA. 187 



Long-tailed Duck. Sharp-tailed Duck. Calloo. 



Anas glacialis and hyemalis, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. 202. 

 Anas glacialis, Lath. Ind. Ornith. ii. 864. Anas glacialis, 

 Temm. Man. d'Ornith. ii. 864. Crymonessa glacialis, Long- 

 tailed Ice-Duck, MacGillivray, Brit. Birds, v. 



GENUS CXXXIIL FULIGULA. SCAUP-DUCK. 



The Scaup-Ducks have the body very large, short, full, 

 and depressed ; the neck moderate or rather short ; the head 

 rather large, oblong, compressed, and rounded above. Bill 

 nearly as long as the head, about the same height and 

 breadth at the base, becoming depressed, and enlarging in 

 breadth to the end, which is very broad and semicircular ; 

 upper mandible with the basal lateral sinuses very short 

 and wide, the upper sinus short, the frontal angles obtuse 

 and little extended, the dorsal line gently declinate for half 

 its length, then nearly direct to the unguis, which is small, 

 obovato-oblong, flattened, and decurved, the ridge broad, 

 and flat at the base, gradually narrowed, the sides gra- 

 dually more spreading and convex toward the end, the edges 

 soft, marginate, concealing the ends of the numerous little 

 elevated lamellae ; lower mandible with the intercrural space 

 long and rather wide, the outer lamellae small, the unguis 

 obovate, rather small, and nearly flat. Mouth of moderate 

 width ; anterior palate broadly concave, with a median pro- 

 minent line, and numerous, slender, little elevated lamellae ; 

 tongue fleshy, with a deep median groove, papillate at the 

 base, lamelloso-filamentous on the margins, with the tip thin 

 and somewhat semicircular ; oesophagus rather wide ; sto- 

 mach a very muscular gizzard, of a transversely elliptical 

 form, with longitudinally rugous epithelium, and somewhat 

 concave circular grinding plates ; intestine very long and 

 wide ; coeca long, of moderate width ; rectum very short. 

 Trachea with a very large bony and membranous tympanum, 

 of an irregular form, with a semicircular carina on one side. 

 Nostrils small. Eyes small. Ears very small. Legs very 

 short, placed rather far behind ; tarsus compressed, with 

 small anterior scutella ; hind toe very slender, with a broad 

 membrane ; outer toes about equal, and double the length 

 of the tarsus ; interdigital membranes emarginate ; claws 



