FULIGULINJE. FULIGULA. AYTHYA. 189 



263. FULIGULA CRISTATA. TUFTED SCAUP-DUCK. 



Male seventeen inches long, with the bill broad, enlarged 

 toward the end, an inch and eight-twelfths long, eleven- 

 twelfths and a half in breadth, leaden-grey, with a terminal 

 black band, including the unguis ; feathers of the head elon- 

 gated into a large decurved crest ; the head and upper part of 

 the neck purplish-black ; the upper parts black, obscurely and 

 minutely dotted with white ; a white band from the fourth 

 primary to the tenth secondary, the tips black, the breast and 

 sides white ; hind part of abdomen and lower tail-coverts 

 dusky ; tail greyish-black, of fourteen feathers ; iris bright 

 yellow. Female much smaller, with the crest shorter ; the 

 head and upper neck brownish-black ; the upper parts black- 

 ish-brown, more faintly dotted with whitish ; the breast 

 white ; the sides and lower fore-neck dusky brown, the fea- 

 thers edged with whitish ; hind part of abdomen and lower 

 tail-coverts dusky, variegated with whitish ; iris pale yellow. 

 Young similar to the female, but with the bill and feet darker, 

 the plumage more brown ; a white patch on each side before 

 the eye, and a triangular whitish spot on the chin ; the iris 

 yellowish-white. 



Male, 17, 30, 8J, 1 T \, 1-&, 2 T V, xV Female, 15, 28. 



The Tufted Scaup-Duck arrives in October, and departs in 

 April. It is generally dispersed, frequenting lakes, pools, 

 marshes, and the still parts of rivers, where it feeds chiefly on 

 insects, testaceous mollusca, and worms, for which it dives. 

 It is also sometimes met with in estuaries and on the open 

 sea. It is more common in the southern than in the northern 

 parts of Britain. 



Tufted Duck. Black Duck. Black Wigeon. 



Anas Fuligula, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. 543. Anas Fuligula, 

 Lath. Ind. Ornith. ii. 869. Anas Fuligula, Temm. Man. 

 d'Ornith. ii. 873. Fuligula cristata, Tufted Scaup-Duck, 

 MacGillivray, Brit. Birds, v. 



GENUS CXXXIV. AYTHYA. POCHARD. 



The Pochards differ from the Scaup-Ducks in no other 

 essential respect than in having the bill narrower and more 

 elongated, and the membrane of the hind toe of less breadth. 

 The body is very large, full, and depressed ; the neck mode- 



