22 INTRODUCTION. 



About the head are seen further : the nostrils, 3, gene- 

 rally situated in a depression named the nasal sinus ; the 

 angle of the mouth, 4 ; the lore, or loral space, between the 

 angle of the mouth and the eye ; the eye, 5, in which are 

 distinguished the pupil or dark central part, the iris or co- 

 loured circle surrounding the pupil, the upper and lower eye- 

 lids, the supra-ocular ridge, peculiar to the birds of prey. 

 The anterior part of the head above is named the forehead, 

 6 ; the upper part, the crown or top, 7 ; the hind part, the 

 occiput, 8. There are also the sides of the head, on which 

 are distinguished the ear-coverts, 9, and the face or fore- 

 part in general. 



The Neck may be divided into upper, middle, and lower 

 parts, hind part, sides, and fore part. The upper hind part 

 is named the nape, 10 ; the upper fore part the throat, 11, 

 its uppermost part sometimes the chin. 



In the Body are distinguished : the back, of which there 

 are the anterior, 12, middle, 13, posterior, 14, regions ; the 

 latter also called the rump. Also, the scapular region, 15, 

 being that of the shoulder-blade and humerus. The sides 

 of the body are the parts under the wings. The breast com- 

 mences at the lower part of the neck, 16, and extends to the 

 end of the sternum, 17 ; from thence to near the tail is the 

 abdomen or belly, 18. 



In the Tail are distinguished, the tail-quills, or strong fea- 

 thers, 19 ; and the upper coverts, 20, and lower coverts, 21. 



The Wings are divided into three regions : the humerus, 

 cubitus, and hand. The joint between the cubitus and hand, 

 22, is named the flexure, or bend of the wing ; near it are 

 the feathers attached to the thumb, 23, named the alula, or 

 spurious wing ; the quills attached to the fingers are named 

 primary quills, 24, those which cover them, primary coverts, 

 25 ; the quills attached to the cubitus are named secondary 

 quills, 26, their coverts, secondary coverts, 27 ; while the 

 smaller feathers on the wing are named the smaller upper 



