46 FIELD WORK OR REFERENCE WORK 



Describe a harrow. What is its use? What relation 

 have plowing and harrowing to aeration and moisture of 

 soil? What effect on heat of soil? Why is a roller some- 

 times used after plowing and harrowing? 



Exercise III. Planting 



Learn through observation in the field how the following 

 crops are planted : wheat, corn, potatoes, tobacco, and 

 cotton. Learn also how five principal vegetables are planted. 

 What crops are transplanted ? Of what use are cold frames, 

 hot beds, and forcing houses to the truck farmer? Why do 

 truck farms abound near cities, while staple crops are 

 grown farther away? What crops are sown broadcast upon 

 the prepared soil ? Describe a seeder, or planting machine. 

 What advantages are gained by seeders over the old hand 

 methods other than that of time and labor saving ? 



Exercise IV. Cultivating 



What implements are used for cultivation of crops ? De- 

 scribe a cultivator. Why is constant stirring of the soil an 

 advantage to the crop ? What necessary things are admitted 

 to the soil by this treatment? What objectionable things 

 are got rid of in this way ? Compare a field or garden which 

 ,has been properly cultivated with one which has been neg-. 

 lected. How do, the plants compare in vigor and in the 

 amount of fruit produced? How does cultivation modify 

 the following crops : potato, corn, celery, asparagus, tomato, 

 rhubarb, and peanut ? 



Exercise V. Harvesting 



Note. The gathering of any crops is known as harvesting. 

 The manner of harvesting depends upon the kind of crop. Thus 



