SEEDS 53 



38. THE EMBRYO 



Object. To find the embryo in a seed and to learn 

 liow it is protected. 



Apparatus. Beans, peas, or other large seeds used in the pre- 

 ceding Experiments. 



Method. Select a large soaked seed and carefully re- 

 move the outer covering (testa). What is found under this 

 outer coat? Remove all the coverings and examine each. 



After all coverings are removed the kernel remains. 

 Examine the kernel (embryo) and find its three parts. 

 What are they ? Draw the kernel and name all parts found. 

 The bean clearly shows a thick pair of seed leaves, a pointed 

 stem, and a small bud consisting of two tiny leaves between 

 the seed leaves. (See Figure 12.) 



Conclusion. Name the parts of an embryo and state 

 how many coats protect it. 



39. COMPARATIVE STRUCTURE 



Object. To discover what parts of a seed are essential 

 and the relation of certain structures to each other. 



Apparatus. Beans, peas, and other large seeds as in the pre- 

 ceding Experiment; also almonds, horse-chestnuts, squash, acorns, 

 peach pits, and seeds of pine, four-o'clock, and morning-glory. 



Method. Examine, study, and compare the several 

 sorts of seeds, part by part. Which have thick testas, thin 

 testas, smooth, rough, or wrinkled testas ? 



Which have one coat? Which have two? In which is 

 there a third coat ? In which is there a raphe ? a caruncle ? 

 a chalaza? (Fig. 12.) 



Compare the seeds, noting relative position of hilum and 



