STEMS 



121 



Remove the bud scales as they come and lay them out 

 before you. How do they differ in size, shape, and texture 

 as they near the 

 center ? Draw. Cut 

 open another large 

 bud from top to 

 bottom through the 

 center. Draw. 



What is found at 

 the very center ? 

 Examine the twig 

 and find scars where 

 the scales of former 

 terminal buds were 



Shed. HOW does the FlG " 45 ' "~ Horse-chestnut bud expanding. 



color of the bark differ on opposite sides of the ring of scars ? 



Why ? These rings show the age of the branch. Why ? 

 How old is the branch you have? Cut off the lower end 



smooth and count the 

 annual rings. Does 

 the number agree 

 with the number of 

 scale scar rings ? 



In how many ways 

 may the age of a twig 

 be determined ? 



Has this twig grown 

 the same amount each 

 year? Can you ac- 

 count for any differ- 

 ences in the amount 



FIG. 46. Horse-chestnut bud, dissected. of growth? 



