32 FLORA. \ 



12-25 mm< l n wnen young ; staminate aments 12-18 mm. long ; cones sub- 

 terminal, oval-conic, 3-6 cm. long, usually less than 2 cm. thick while the scales 

 are closed ; scales thickened at the apex, obtuse, rounded and devoid of spine or 

 prickle. In woods, Newf. to Man., Mass., Penn., Wise, and Minn. May-June. 



3. Pinus palustris Mill. LONG-LEAVED PINE. GEORGIA PINE, (I. F. f. 112.) 

 A large tree, sometimes attaining a height of 30 m., the bark nearly smooth. 

 Leaves in 3*5, slender, dark green, clustered at the ends of the branches, 2.5-4 dm. 

 long, with 2 fibro-vascular bundles; sheaths 1.5-3 cm. long; buds long; staminate 

 aments rose-purple, 5-9 cm. long, very conspicuous ; cones terminal, spreading or 

 erect, conic-cylindric, 1-2.5 dm. long, 5-8 cm. thick before the scales open ; 

 scales thickened at the apex, with a transverse ridge bearing a short central 

 recurved prickle. In sandy, mostly dry soil, Va. to Fla and Tex., mostly near the 

 coast. March-April. 



4. Pinus ponderosa Dougl. WESTERN YELLOW PINE. (I. F. f. 113.) One of 

 the largest trees, attaining a maximum height of nearly 80 m. and a trunk diameter 

 of 5 m. Branches widely spreading or somewhat drooping ; bark light red, scaly ; 

 leaves in 3's (rarely some of them in 2's), rather stout, 1-2.5 dm. long, slightly 

 scabrous; cones subterminal, very dense, heavy, ovoid-conic, 1-1.5 dm. l n g> 3-4-5 

 cm. thick ; scales much thickened at the apex, the transverse ridge prominent, 

 with a triangular subulate short stout recurved prickle. Mont, to Br. Col., Neb., 

 Tex., Mex. and Cal.; the shorter-leaved eastern form which reaches our area has 

 been distinguished from the western type as var. scopulortim. April-May. 



5. Pinus divaricata(Ait.) Gord. LABRADOR PINE. GRAY PINE. (I. F. f. 114.) 

 A slender tree, usually 12-20 m. high, but sometimes reaching 30 m.. and a trunk 

 diameter of I m., the branches spreading, the bark becoming flaky. Leaves in 2*s, 

 stout, stiff, more or less curved, spreading or oblique, crowded along the branches, 

 seldom over 3 cm. long ; fibro-vascular bundles 2 ; cones commonly very numer- 

 ous, lateral, oblong-conic, usually upwardly curved, 2.5-5 cm. long, 18-30 mm. 

 thick when mature; scales thickened at the end, the transverse ridge a mere line with 

 a minute central point in place of spine or prickle at maturity ; young scales spiny- 

 tipped. In sandy soil, N. B. to Hudson Bay and the N. W. Terr., south to Me., 

 N. N. Y., N. 111. and Minn. May-June. (P. Banksiana Lamb.) 



6. Pinus Virginiana Mill. JERSEY PINE. SCRUB PINE. (I. F. f. 115.) A 

 slender tree, usually small, the old bark dark-colored, flaky, the branches spread- 

 ing or drooping. Leaves in 2's, dark green, rather stout and stiff, spreading when 

 old, 3-7 cm. long, with 2 fibro- vascular bundles ; young sheaths rarely more than 

 5 mm. long ; cones commonly few, lateral, recurved when young, spreading when 

 old, oblong-conic, 3-6 cm. long, their scales somewhat thickened at the apex, 

 the low transverse ridge with a short central more or less recurved prickle. In 

 sandy soil, L. I. to S. C., Ala., S. Ind. and Tenn. April-May. (P. inops Ait.) 



7. Pinus echinata Mill. YELLOW PINE. SPRUCE PINE. (I. F. f. 116.) 

 A forest tree, reaching a maximum height of about 30 m. and a trunk diameter of 

 1.5 m., the branches spreading, the old bark rough in plates. Leaves some in 2's, 

 some in 3*8, slender, not stiff, dark green, 7 I 3 cm - l n g> spreading when mature; 

 fibro-vascular bundles 2 ; young sheaths 10-16 mm. long ; cones lateral, oblong- 

 conic, about 5 cm. long, usually less than 2.5 cm. thick when the scales are closed; 

 scales thickened at the apex, marked with a prominent transverse ridge and armed 

 with a slender, nearly straight, deciduous prickle. In sandy soil, S. N. Y. to Fla., 

 111., Kans. and Tex. Produces shoots from stumps. May-June. (P. mitis Michx.) 



8. Pinus pungens Michx.f. TABLE-MOUNTAIN PINE. HICKORY PINE. 

 (I. F. f. 117.) A tree with a maximum height of about 20 m. and trunk diameter 

 of i m., the branches spreading, the old rough bark in flakes. Leaves mostly in 

 2's, some in 3*3, stout and stiff, light green, 6-10 cm. long, crowded on the twigs ; 

 fibro-vascular bundles 2 ; young sheaths .10-16 mm. long ; cones lateral, usually 

 clustered, long-persistent, ovoid, 8-12 cm. long, 5-7 cm. thick, while the scales 

 are closed, nearly globular when these are expanded ; scales thick, woody, their 

 ends with a large elevated transverse ridge, centrally tipped by a stout reflexed or 

 spreading spine 4-5 mm. long. In woods, sometimes forming forests, W. N. J. and 

 Cent. Pa, to Ga. and Tenn. May. 



9. Pinus Taeda L. LOBLOLLY PINE. OLD-FIELD PINE. (L F. f. 118.) 

 A forest tree, reaching a height of 50 ni. an4 * trunk diameter of 1.6 m., the 



