144 FLORA. 



5. Panicularia nervata (Willd.) Kuntze. NERVED MANNA-GRASS. (I. F. f. 

 488.) Culms 3-9 dm. tall. Sheaths usually more or less rough; leaves 1.5-3 dm. 

 long, 4-10 mm. wide, a-:ute, smooth beneath, rough above; panicle 7.5-20 cm. in 

 length, often purple, open, the branches filiform, spreading, ascending or often 

 drooping, rarely erect, 5-12.5 cm. long; spikelets 3-7-flowered, 2-3 mm. long; 

 empty scales obtuse, I -nerved; flowering scales about 1.5 mm. long, obtuse or 

 rounded, with 7 sharp distinct nerves and evident furrows between. In wet places, 

 Newf. to Br. Col., south to Fla. and Mex. Ascends to 1200 m. in Va. June-Sept. 



6. Panicularia Americana (Ton.) MacM. REED MEADOW-GRASS. TALL 

 MANNA-GRASS. (I. F. f. 489.) Culms 9-15 dm. tall. Sheaths loose, smooth, or 

 sometimes rough; leaves 2-3 dm. long or more, 6-16 mm. wide, usually smooth 

 beneath, rough above; panicle 2-4 dm. in length, its branches spreading, ascending 

 or rarely erect, 1-2 dm. long; spikelets 4-7 -flowered, 4-6 mm. long; empty scales 

 acute, l-nerved; flowering scales about 2 mm. long, obtuse or rounded at the apex, 

 sharply and distinctly 7-nerved, the furrows between the nerves evident. In wet 

 soil, N. B. to Alaska, south to Tenn., Colo.' and Nev. Ascends to 630 m. in Penn. 

 June Aug. 



7. Panicularia pallida (Ton.) Kuntze. PALE MANNA-GRASS. (I. F. f. 490.) 

 Pale green. Culms 3-9 dm. long, assurgent; leaves 5-15 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, 

 smooth beneath, rough above; panicle 3-75-17-5 cm. in length, the branches spread- 

 ing, ascending or rarely erect, often flexuous, 2.5-5 cm - l n g; spikelets 4-8-flowered, 

 5-7 mm. long; empty scales unequal, the first I -nerved, obtuse, shorter than the y 

 nerved and truncate second ; flowering scales 2.5-3 mrn - l n g> truncate and dentic- 

 ulate at the apex, sharply and distinctly 7-nerved, with plain furrows between the 

 nerves. In shallow water, N. B. to Ont., south to Va., Tenn. and Ind. Ascends 

 to 600 m. in Penn. July-Aug. 



8. Panicularia fluitans (L.) Kuntze. FLOATING MANNA-GRASS. (I. F. f. 

 491.) Culms 10-15 dm. long, flattened, erect or decumbent, usually stout, often 

 rooting from the lower nodes. Sheaths loose, generally overlapping, smooth or 

 rough ; leaves 1.25-3 dm. long or more, 4-12 mm. wide, scabrous, often floating; 

 panicle 2.25-4.5 dm. long, the branches, at least the lower ones, at first appressed, 

 later ascending, and 7.5-15 cm. long; spikelets linear, 7~i3-flowered, 2-2.5 cm< 

 long ; empty scales unequal, l-nerved, the lower acute or obtuse, the upper obtuse or 

 truncate ; flowering scales 4-4.5 mm. long, thick, oblong, rounded or truncate at the 

 erose apex, scabrous, sharply 7-nerved. In wet places or in water, Newf. to Br. 

 Col., south to N. Car., Ky., Iowa and Cal. Also in Europe. July-Sept. 



9. Panicularia borealis Nash. SLENDER MANNA-GRASS. (I. F. f. 49ia.) 

 Glabrous. Culms erect from a creeping base, 4.5-15 dm. tall; sheaths overlapping, 

 smooth or roughish, the uppermost one enclosing the base of the panicle ; leaves 

 linear, abruptly acuminate, 1-5 dm. long, 2-10 mm. wide; panicle slender, the ex- 

 serted portion 1.5-5 dm. l n g> lis branches ap"pressed or nearly so ; spikelets 1-1.8 

 cm. long, 7-13-flowered, appressed; outer two scales l-nerved, unequal; flowering 

 scales thin, 4-5 mm. long, 7-nerved, the nerves only scabrous ; palet slightly shorter 

 than the scale. In shallow water, Me. to N. Y., Idaho, Cal., Wash., and north- 

 ward. 



10. Panicularia brachyphflla Nash. SHORT-LEAVED MANNA-GRASS. (I. F. f. 

 492a.) Glabrous. Culms erect from a creeping base, 6-9 dm. tall; sheaths gen- 

 erally longer than the internodes, almost closed, the uppermost one enclosing the 

 base of the panicle; leaves linear, acuminate, 6-12.5 cm - l n g> 4~5 mm - wide; 

 panicle slender, the exserted portion 3-4 dm. long, its branches appressed or 

 nearly so; spikelets compressed-cylindric, 2-2.8 cm. long, 7- 12 -flowered; empty 

 scales i-nerved; flowering scales scabrous all over, 7-nerved, about 5 mm. 

 long, the obtuse apex obscurely and irregularly few -toothed; palet about 6 mm. 

 long, acuminate, a little exceeding the scale. In shallow water, Me. to N. Y. 

 June-July. 



11. Panicularia acutiflora (Torr.) Kuntze. SHARP-SCALED MANNA-GRASS. 

 (L F. f. 492.) Culms 3-6 dm. tall, flattened, erect from a decumbent base, simple. 

 Sheaths loose, generally a little exceeding the internodes, smooth and glabrous ; 

 leaves 7.5-15 cm. long, 4-6 mrn. wide, smooth beneath, rough above; panicle 1.5- 

 3 dm. in length, the branches erect or appressed, 5-10 cm. long; spikelets linear, 

 5-12-flowered, 2.5-4.5 cm. long; empty scales acute, smooth; flowering scales 



