150 FLORA. 



6. Bromus sterilis L. BARREN BROME-GRASS. (I. F. f. 510.) Culms 

 3-6 dm. tall; sheaths smooth or rough, the lower sometimes pubescent; leaves 

 7.5-22.5 cm. long, 2-6 mm. wide, usually more or less pubescent; panicle 1.25- 



2.5 dm. in length, the branches ascending or often widely spreading, not one-sided, 

 stiff; spikelets few, 5- lO-flowered, spreading or pendulous ; empty scales acuminate, 

 glabrous, the first i-nerved, the second longer, 3-nerved; flowering scales 1.2- 



1.6 cm. long, acuminate, y-nerved, scabrous on the nerves, the awn 1.4-2.4 cm. 

 long. In waste places and ballast, eastern Mass, to Penn. and Ohio. Locally 

 Naturalized or adventive from Europe. Native also of Asia. June-July. 



7. Bromus Madritensis L. COMPACT CHESS. (I. F. f. soga.) Culms 

 3-6 dm. tall, tufted; sheaths glabrous, or the lower ones pubescent; leaves 6.25- 

 20 cm. long, 3-6 mm. wide, rough above, often pubescent on both surfaces ; panicle 

 dense, 7.5-15 cm. long, its rough branches erect or ascending, the longer 5-7.5 cm. 

 long; spikelets numerous. 3.75-5 cm. long, including the awns , scales acuminate, 

 scarious on the margins, the first scale I -nerved, the second 3-nerved; flowering 

 scales, exclusive of the awn, 1.2-1.4 cm - l n g> sparsely and minutely appressed- 

 pubescent, 5 -nerved, the apex acuminately 2-toothed, bearing an erect or divergent 

 awn i. 2-1. 8 cm. long. Waste places, Mich, and Va. ; also in Cal. Locally adven- 

 tive from Europe. Summer. 



8. Bromus Ported (Coulter) Nash. PORTER'S CHESS. (I. F. f. 511.) Culms 

 4.5-9 dm. tall, pubescent below the nodes. Sheaths glabrous or sometimes softly 

 pubescent ; leaves 2-6 mm. wide, rough, those of the culm 1-2.25 dm. l n g' tne 

 basal narrow and about one-half the length of the culm; panicle 7.5-15 cm. in 

 length, its branches drooping and flexuous, at least when old, the nodes of the axis 

 pubescent ; spikelets 5-10- flowered, 1.8-3 cm. long, on slender flexuous pedicels ; 

 empty scales pubescent, 3-nerved; flowering scales 1-1.2 cm. long, obtuse, 5-7- 

 nerved, densely pubescent with long silky hairs; awn 2-4 mm. long. In dry 

 soil, S. Dak. to Mont., south to western Neb., N. Mex. and Ariz. July-Aug. 



9. Bromus Kalmii A. Gray. KALM'S CHESS. (I. F. f. 512.) Culms 4.5-9 

 dm. tall. Sheaths more or less pubescent ; leaves 6-17.5 cm - lon g> 2 ~8 mm. wide, 

 sparingly pubescent ; panicle 5-15 cm. in length, open, its branches usually flexu- 

 ous; spikelets 6-iO-flowered, 1.2-2.4 cm. long, on slender flexuous pedicels; empty 

 scales pubescent, the first acute, 3-nerved, the second obtuse or mucronate, 5-7- 

 nerved; flowering scales about 8 mm. long, 7~9-nerved, densely silky pubescent, 

 the awn 2-3 mm. in length. In woods and thickets, Quebec to Manitoba, south to 

 Mass., Penn., 111. and Iowa. July-Aug. 



10. Bromus hordeaceus L. SOFT CHESS. (I. F. f. 513.) Culms 2-9 dm. 

 tall, usually pubescent below the panicle. Sheaths mostly pubescent; leaves 2.5- 

 17.5 cm. long, 2-6 mm. wide, pubescent; panicle generally contracted, its branches 

 erect or ascending, 2.5-5 cm - l n gj spikelets appressed-pubescent, on short pedi- 

 cels; empty scales acute, the first 3-nerved, the second longer, 5~7-nerved; flower- 

 ing scales broad, obtuse, 7-9 mm. long, 7-9-nerved, bearing an awn 6 8 mm. in 

 length between the obtuse or acute teeth. In fields and waste places, Conn, and 

 N. Y. to Va. and Neb. Locally adventive from Europe. July-Aug. 



11. Bromus secalinus L. CHEAT. CHESS. (I. F. f. 514.) Culms 3-9 dm. 

 tall; sheaths generally glabrous; leaves 5-22.5 cm. long, 2-6 mm. wide, smooth or 

 rough, sometimes hairy; panicle 5-^0 cm. in length, open, its branches ascending 

 or drooping; spikelets turgid, glabrous, erect or somewhat pendulous, 6-io- 

 flowered; empty scales scabrous toward the apex, the first 3-nerved, acute, the 

 second longer and broader, 7-nerved, obtuse; flowering scales 6-8 mm. long, 

 broad, turgid, obtuse, rough toward the apex, the nerves obscure, awnless or bear- 

 ing a straight awn 8 mm. long or less between the obtuse short teeth. In fields 

 and waste places almost throughout temperate N. Am., often a pernicious weed in 

 grain fields. Naturalized from Europe. Native also of Asia. June-Aug. 



12. Bromus racemosus L. UPRIGHT CHESS. SMOOTH BROME-GRASS. (I. F. f, 

 515.) Culms 3-9 dm. tall, glabrous or sparingly pubescent below the panicle. 

 Sheaths pubescent; leaves 2.5-22.5 cm. long, 1-8 mm. wide, pubescent; panicle 

 2.5-25 cm. in length, the branches erector ascending, the lower sometimes 6 cm. 

 long; spikelets erect, 5-11 -flowered; empty scales acute, the first 3-nerved, the sec- 

 ond longer and broader, 5-9-nerved; flowering scales broad, 7-9 mm. long, obtuse, 

 smooth and shining, the nerves prominent; awn straight, 6-8 mm. in length. In 



