C YPERA CEA E. 221 



Spikes separated or the upper close together ; perigynia mostly radiating, or reflexed. 

 Leaves 1-3 mm. wide. 



Beak of the perigynium one-fourth to one-half as long as the body; native 

 woodland species. 



Perigynia ovate-lanceolate, 2-3 mm. long. 



Perigynia stellately radiating. 165. C, rosea. 



Perigynia reflexed when mature. 166. C. retroflexa. 



Perigynia narrowly lanceolate, 3-4 mm. long. 167. C. Texensis. 

 Beak of the perigynium more than half as long as the body; introduced 



field species. 168. C. muricata. 



Leaves 5-9 mm. wide. 169. C. sparganiotdes. 



Spikes all aggregated or the lower separated; perigynia spreading or ascending. 

 Leaves thin, lax, 4-8 mm. wide; perigynia about 4 mm. long: 



170. C. cephaloidea. 

 Leaves stiffer, 1-4 mm. wide. 



Perigynia 2 mm. long or less, nerveless or faintly few-nerved. 



Leaves 2-4 mm wide; perigynia ovate 171. C. cephalophora. 



Leaves 1-2 mm. wide; perigynia orbicular-ovate; southern. 



172. C. Leavenworthii. 

 Perigynia 3 mm. long, strongly-nerved (except in var. Xalapensis). 



173. C. Muhlenbergii. 



164. Carex tenella Schk. SOFT-LEAVED SEDGE. (I. F. f. 834.) Light 

 green; rootstocks slender; culms almost filiform, rough, 1.5-5 dm. l n g- Leaves 

 soft, about i mm. wide, spreading; spikes only 1-5 -flowered; perigynia ovoid- 

 ellipsoid, nearly terete, hard, finely many-nerved, about 2 mm. long, with a 

 very minute entire beak; scales ovate, hyaline, acute. In bogs, Newf. to Br. Col., 

 N. J., Penn., Mich., N. Mex. and Cal. Also in Europe. June-July. 



Carex Ele6charis Bailey. A very slender erect species, with 2 or 3 small brown 

 i-3-flowered spikes aggregated in a terminal head, 3-4 mm. long, ovoid, slightly swollen 

 marginless plano-convex short-beaked perigynia. Collected by Prof. Macoun on the 

 Saskatchewan Plains; probably occurs within the northwestern limits of our area. 



i6^. Carex rosea Schk. STELLATE SEDGE. (I. F. f. 835.) Culms slender 

 or filiform, rough above, 3-7 dm. long. Leaves flat, soft, 2 mm. wide or less, 

 shorter than the culm; lower bract 1-6 cm. long; spikes 4-8, subglobose, 4-6 mm. 

 in diameter, 5- 15 -flowered; perigynia ovate-lanceolate, flat, bright green, stellately 

 diverging, nerveless, shining, 2-3 mm. long, tapering into a stout 2-toothed beak, 

 about one-fourth the length of the body; scales ovate-oblong, white, half as long as 

 the perigynia. In woods and thickets, Newf. to Ont., Manitoba, N. Car., Mo. 

 and Neb. May-July. 



Carex r6sea radi&ta Dewey. Culms filiform, spreading ; leaves about I mm. wide ; 

 spikes only 2-6-flowered, scattered ; perigynia ascending, lanceolate, about i mm. wide. 

 Me. and Ont. to Mich., N. Car. and Ky. 



1 66. Carex retroflexa Muhl. REFLEXED SEDGE. (I. F. f. 836.) Culms 

 very slender, 2-5 dm. tall. Leaves about I mm. in width, mostly shorter than the 

 culm; lower bract bristle-form; spikes 4-8, subglobose, 4-9-flowered, the upper all 

 close together; staminate flowers terminal or rarely variously intermixed with the 

 pistillate; perigynia oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, radiating or reflexed at 

 maturity, about 3 mm. long, smooth, compressed, but not as flat as those of the 

 preceding species, somewhat corky-thickened at the base, tapering upwardly into 

 a 2-toothed beak about one-third the length of the body ; scales ovate, about half 

 as long as the perigynia. In woods and thickets, Mass, to Ont., Mich., Ark., Fla. 

 and Tex. May-July. 



167. Carex Texensis (Torr.) Bailey. TEXAS SEDGE. (I. F. f. 837.) 

 Similar to the preceding; culms very slender. Leaves soft, about I mm. wide, 

 shorter than the culm; lower bract commonly filiform; spikes 4-7, 4-10 flowered; 

 all close together in a narrow head, or the lower separated; perigynia narrowly 

 lanceolate, green, nerveless, smooth, radiating or widely spreading, 3-4 mm. 

 long, the tapering beak about one-half as long as -the body; scales lanceolate or 

 ovate, acute or acuminate, less than one-half as long as the perigynia. S. 111. 

 (according to Bailey), Ala. to Tex. Apiil-May. 



