CYPERA CEAE. 22? 



perigynia ascending or appressed, ovate-lanceolate, 4 mm. long, rather narrowly 

 wing-margined, several-nerved on both faces, the rough tapering 2-toothed beak 

 nearly as long as the body; scales lanceolate, brown, acute, narrower and shorter 

 than the perigynia. Newf. to Mass. Also in Europe and Asia. June-Aug. 



195. Carex cristatella Britton. CRESTED SEDGE. (I. F. f. 865.) Culms 3-7 dm. 

 tall, stiff, roughish above, longer than the leaves. Leaves 3-4 mm. wide ; lower 

 bracts bristle-form, 0.6-3 cm - l n g > heads 6-15, globose or subglobose, 4-6 mm. 

 in diameter, densely aggregated into an oblong head or the lower slightly 

 separated ; perigynia lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, squarrose when mature, green 

 or greenish brown, 3-4 mm. long, narrowly wing-margined, several-nerved on both 

 faces, tapering into a ciliate 2-toothed beak ; scales lanceolate, nearly white, much 

 shorter than the perigynia. In meadows and thickets, N. B. to Manitoba, Mass., 

 Penn., 111. and Neb. July-Sept. [C cristata Schwein., not Clairv.] 



196. Carex adusta Boott. BROWNED SEDGE. (I. F. f. 866.) Culms stout, 

 entirely smooth, 3-8 dm. tall, growing in dense tufts. Leaves about 2 mm. wide, 

 shorter than the culm ; bracts subulate, tapering from a broad nerved base, 

 the lower I or 2 often exceeding the spikes ; spikes 5-12, subglobose or short- 

 oval, several-flowered, apparently confluent, or slightly separated, bright 

 greenish brown ; perigynia broadly ovate, firm, very narrowly wing-margined or 

 wingless, rough above, plano-convex, 4-5 mm. long, tapering into a 2-toothed beak, 

 several-nerved on the outer face, nerveless on the inner; scales lanceolate, acute or 

 cuspidate, about equalling the perigynia. In dry soil, Newf. to the N. W. Terr., 

 N. Y. and Mich. June-July. 



197. Carex foenea Willd. HAY SEDGE. (I. F. 867.) Rather light green ; 

 culm smooth, erect or the summit nodding, 3-10 dm. tall. Leaves flat, soft, 

 2-4 mm. wide, shorter than the culm ; bracts very short or wanting, or the lowest 

 occasionally manifest ; spikes 4-10, subglobose or short-oblong, narrowed at the 

 base, 5-6 mm. in diameter, silvery green, all separated on a sometimes zigzag 

 rachis, or the upper contiguous ; perigynia ovate, about 3 mm. long, broadly wing- 

 margined, -strongly several-nerved on both faces, tapering into a short rough 

 2-toothed beak ; scales lanceolate, acuminate, about equalling the perigynia. In 

 dry woods, often on rocks, N. B. to Penn., Iowa, Minn, and Br. Col. June -July. 



Carex foenea perp!6xa Bailey. Culms stouter, spikes commonly aggregated and 

 larger, less contracted at the base, the summit of the culm erect or nearly so ; perigynia 

 thicker. Me. to Va., Iowa and Minn. 



198. Carex straminea Willd. STRAW SEDGE. (I. F. f. 868.) Culms 

 slender, roughish above, 3-7.5 dm. long, the top commonly nodding. Leaves 2 mm. 

 wide or less, long-pointed, shorter than the culm ; bracts short or the lower 

 bristle-form and exceeding its spike ; spikes 3-8, subglobose or slightly obovoid, 

 4-5 mm. thick, yellowish brown or greenish ; perigynia ovate, brown, about 3 mm. 

 long, strongly several-nerved on the outer face, fewer-nerved on the inner, wing- 

 margined, the tapering rough 2-toothed beak about as long as the body ; scales 

 lanceolate, acute, about equalling the perigynia, but narrower. In dry fields, 

 N. B. to Manitoba, Penn., Mich, and Iowa. June-July. 



Carex straminea mirdbilis (Dewey) Tuckerm. Larger ; culm slender, 0.5-1.3 m. 

 long; leaves 2-5 mm. wide; spikes larger, 6-8 mm. thick, rather greener; perigynia 

 spreading, narrowed, longer than the scales. Range of the type, extending south to 

 N. Car., Mo. and Neb. Perhaps better regarded as a distinct species. 



199. Carex silicea Olney. SEA-BEACH SEDGE. (I. F. f. 869.) Culms slender, 

 rather stiff, roughish above, 3-8 dm. tall, the summit recurved or nodding. Leaves 

 2 mm. wide or rather less, involute in drying, shorter than the culm ; bracts very 

 short ; spikes 5-8, ovoid-conie or ovoid-oblong, silvery-green, nearly white or 

 becoming brownish, erect, conspicuously contracted at the base, 8-12 mm. long, 

 about 5 mm. thick, separated or the uppermost close together ; perigynia ovate- 

 oval, short-beaked, finely nerved on both faces, wing-margined, appressed, about 

 4 mm. long, longer and broader than the lanceolate scales. In sands of the sea 

 coast, Nova Scotia to New Jersey. June-Aug. 



P *. Carex tenera Dewey. MARSH STRAW SEDGE. (I. F. f. 870.) Culm 

 shndcr, erect or the summit nodding, roughish above, 2-6 dm. high. Leaves 



