ORCHID A CEA E. 293 



more than twice as long as the white sac-like spur; anther-sacs divergent at the 

 base. In woods and meadows, N. B. to Br. Col., south to N. Car. and Neb. 

 Also' in Europe. May-Sept. \Habenaria bracteata (Willd.) R. Br.] 



6. GYMNADENIOPSIS 

 Leafy plants, with fleshy fibrous or somewhat tuberous roots, and a short spike 

 of small flowers. Sepals free and spreading. Lip entire or 3-toothed at the apex, 

 much exceeded by the long filiform or clavate spur. Beak of the stigma with 

 2-3 oblong or clavate appendages. Anther-sacs parallel and approximate, their 

 glands naked and contiguous. Pollinia granular, with short caudicles. A North 

 American genus, hitherto included in Habenaria. It is closely related to the 

 European genus Gymnadenia, from which it differs in the appendages of the 

 stigma; hence the name. 



Spur filiform; lip entire; stem leafy. 



Ovary not twisted; spur longer than the ovary; flowers white. i. G. m'vea. 



Ovary twisted; spur shorter than the ovary, flowers orange. 2. G. Integra. 



Spur clavate; lip 3-toothed ; stem i-2-leaved. 3. G. clavellata. 



I. Gymnadeniopsis nivea (Nutt.) Rydb. SOUTHERN SMALL WHITE 

 ORCHIS. (I. F. f. 1099.) Stem slender, angled, 3-3.5 dm. high. Leaves linear- 

 lanceolate, acuminate, 1-2 dm. long, the upper much shorter and passing into the 

 bracts of the spike; spike 5-10 cm. long, loosely many- flowered; flowers small, 

 white; lateral sepals broadly oblong, dilated or slightly eared at the base, spread- 

 ing, about 6 mm. long; petals and upper sepal smaller; stigma appendaged by 2 

 small horns affixed to the back of the anther; ovary straight. In pine barren bogs, 

 Del. to Fla. and Ala. Aug. [Habenaria nivea (Nutt.) Spreng.] 



2. Gymnadeniopsis Integra (Nutt.) Rydb. SMALL SOUTHERN YELLOW 

 ORCHIS. (I. F. f. 1102.) Stem 3-6 dm. high, angled, with 1-3 linear-lanceolate 

 leaves below, and numerous bract-like ones above. Lower leaves 5-20 cm. long, 

 acute; spike 2-7 cm. long, densely flowered; flowers orange-yellow; upper sepal 

 and petals connivent; lateral sepals longer, oval or obovate, spreading; lip ob- 

 long, mostly crenulate or erose, sometimes entire; stigma with 2 lateral fleshy 

 appendages and a narrow beak. In wet pine barrens, N. J. to Fla. and La. 

 The upper surface of the leaves is often reticulated with hexagonal cells. July. 

 \_IIabenaria inte-^ra (Nutt.) Spreng. ] 



3. Gymnadeniopsis clavellata (Michx.) Rydb. SMALL GREEN WOOD 

 ORCHIS. (I. F. f. 1104.) Stem 2-5 dm. high, angled, i-leaved near the base, 

 often with several small bract-like leaves above, or one of these larger. Basal leaf 

 oblanceolate, 5-15 cm. long; bracts shorter than the ovaries; spike 1-2.5 cm. long, 

 loosely flowered; flowers small, greenish or whitish; sepals and petals ovate; lip 

 dilated and 3-toothed at the apex; the teeth often small and inconspicuous; spur 

 longer than the ovary, incurved, clavate; stigma with 3 club-shaped appendages; 

 capsule ovoid, nearly erect. In wet or moist woods, Newf. to Minn., south to Fla. 

 and La. July-Aug. [Habenaria clavellala (Michx.) Spreng.] 



7. LIMNORCHIS Rydb. (See Appendix.) 



Leafy plants with thick fleshy roots and small greenish or whitish flowers in a 

 long spike. Sepals and petals free and spreading. Lip entire. Beak of the stigma 

 without appendages. Anther-sacs nearly parallel, wholly adnate. Glands naked. 

 Pollinia granular. A North American genus of about a dozen species, differing 

 from Lysias in the general habit and the almost parallel anther-sacs. [Greek, 

 Marsh-orchis.] 



Lip lanceolate, slightly if at all dilated at the base ; flowers greenish or purplish. 



Spur shorter than the lip, much thickened at the end, obtuse. i. L. hyperborea. 

 Spur slightly exceeding the lip, slightly if at all thickened at the end. 

 Plant stout ; flowers comparatively large ; sepals 4-6 mm. long. 



2. L. media. 



Plant slender; flowers smaller; sepals 2.5-4 mm. long. 3. L. Huronensis. 



Lip decidedly rhomboid-dilated at the base ; flowers white. 



Flowers not very fragrant ; sepals 2-3 mm. wide, not strongly striate. 



4. L. dilatata. 

 Flowers very fragrant ; sepals 1.5-2 mm. wide, strongly striate. 5. L. fragrans. 



