JUGLANDACEAE. 323 



x. JUGLANS L. 



Trees, with spreading branches, superposed buds, fragrant bark, and odd- 

 pinnate leaves, with nearly or quite sessile leaflets, the terminal one sometimes 

 early perishing. Staminate flowers in drooping cylindric aments, borne on the 

 twigs of the previous year; perianth 3-6-lobed; stamens 8-40 in 2 or more series. 

 Pistillate flowers on a terminal peduncle at the end of shoots of the season, the 

 calyx 4-lobed, with 4 small petals adnate to the ovary at the sinuses ; styles fim- 

 briate, very short. Drupe large, globose or ovoid, the exocarp somewhat fleshy, 

 fibrous, indehiscent, the endocarp bony, rugose or sculptured, 2-4-celled at the 

 base, indehiscent, or in decay separating into 2 valves. [Name a contraction of 

 the Latin Jovis glans, the nut of Jupiter.] About 8 species, natives of the north 

 temperate zone, i in the W. I., I or 2 in the Andes of S. Am. Besides the following 

 I or 2 others occur in the southwestern U. S. 



Fruit globose, obtuse, not viscid ; petioles puberulent. I. J. nigra. 



Fruit oblong, pointed, viscid ; petioles pubescent. 2. J. cinerea. 



1. Juglans nigra L. BLACK WALNUT. (I. F. f. 1149.) A large forest tree 

 with rough brown bark, the twigs of the season and petioles puberulent, the older 

 twigs glabrous or very nearly so. Leaflets 13-23, ovate-lanceolate, more or less 

 inequilateral, acuminate at the apex, rounded or subcordate at the base, serrate, 

 pubescent beneath, 7-13 cm. long; staminate aments 7-14 cm. long; drupes usually 

 solitary or 2 together, globose or a little longer than thick, 3-8 cm. in diameter, 

 papillose; nut corrugated, slightly compressed, 4-celled at the base. In rich 

 woods, Mass, to S. Ont., Minn., Fla., Kans. and Tex. April-May. Fruit ripe 

 Oct.-Nov. 



2. Juglans cinerea L. BUTTERNUT. WHITE WALNUT. OIL-NUT. (I. F. f. 

 1150.) A forest tree, resembling the Black Walnut, the bark gray, smoother, the 

 twigs, petioles and leaflets viscid-pubescent, at least when young. Leaflets 11-19, 

 oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, scarcely inequilateral, obtuse, rounded or truncate at 

 the base, serrate ; drupes racemed, 5-8 cm. long and about one-half as thick, pointed ; 

 nut 4-ribbed, deeply sculptured, and with sharp longitudinal ridges, firmly adherent 

 to the husk, 2 -celled at the base. In rich or rocky woods, N. B. and Ont. to N. 

 Dak., Neb., Del., Ga., Miss, and Ark. April-May. Fruit ripe Oct.-Nov. 



2. HICORIA Raf. [CARYA Nutt.] 



Trees, with odd-pinnate leaves and serrate or serrulate leaflets. Staminate 

 flowers in slender drooping aments, borne in 3*5 on a common peduncle at the base 

 of the shoots of the season, or clustered and sessile or nearly so in the axils of leaf- 

 scars at the summit of twigs of the preceding year; calyx adnate to the bract, 

 2-3-lobed or 2-3-cleft; stamens 3-10; filaments short. Pistillate flowers 2-6, 

 together on a terminal peduncle; bract fugacious or none; calyx 4-toothed; petals 

 none; styles 2 or 4, papillose or fimbriate, short. Fruit subglobose, oblong or 

 obovoid, the husk separating more or less completely into 4 valves ; nut bony, in- 

 completely 2-4-celled. [From the aboriginal name Hicori.] About 15 species, 

 natives of eastern North America, one in Mexico. 



Bud-scales valvate ; lateral leaflets lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, falcate. 

 Nut not compressed or angled ; seed sweet. i. H. Pecan. 



Nut somewhat compressed or angled ; seed intensely bitter. 



Leaflets 7-9 ; nut smooth. 2. H. minima. 



Leaflets 9-13 ; nut angled. 3. H. aquatica. 



Bud-scales imbricate; lateral leaflets not falcate. 



Husk of the fruit freely splitting to the base ; middle lobe of the staminate calyx 

 narrow, often at least twice as long as the lateral ones. 

 Bark shaggy, separating in long plates. 



Leaflets 3-5 (rarely 7) ; nut rounded at the base, 1-2 cm. long. 

 Leaflets oblong- lanceolate to obovate ; twigs puberulent. 



4. H. ovata. 

 Leaflets narrowly lanceolate ; twigs glaucous. 



5. H. Carolinae-septentrionalis. 

 Leafcts 7-9; nut usually pointed at both ends, 2.5-3 cm - 



6. H. laciniosa. 



