33 2 FLORA. 



in diameter; burs 3-10 cm. in diameter, enclosing 1-5 nuts; nuts puberulent, 

 dark brown, plano-convex or angled on the face, or when solitary ovoid. In rich 

 soil, Me. and Ont. to Mich., Ga. and Ala. Involucre sometimes suppressed and 

 the nuts naked. June-July. Nuts ripe Sept. -Oct. 



2. Castanea pumila (L.) Mill. CHINQUAPIN. (I. F. f. 1227.) A shrub or 

 small tree, the young shoots puberulent. Leaves oblong, acute at both ends, 

 sharply serrate with ascending or divergent teeth, dark green and glabrous above, 

 densely white-tomentulose beneath, 0.7-1.5 dm. long, 2-6 cm. wide; staminate 

 aments erect or somewhat spreading, 7-12 cm. long, 6-8 mm. in diameter; burs 

 3 cm. in diameter or less, commonly spicate, enclosing a solitary ovoid brown nut 

 (rarely 2); seed very sweet. In dry soil, N. J. and Penn. to Ind., Fla. and Tex. 

 June. Nuts ripe Sept. 



3 QUERCUS L. 



Trees or shrubs, with pinnatifid lobed, dentate, crenate or entire leaves, decidu- 

 ous, or in some species persistent. Flowers very small, green or yellowish, 

 appearing with or before the leaves, the staminate numerous in slender, mostly 

 drooping aments, the pistillate solitary in many-bracted involucres. Staminate 

 flowers subtended by caducous bracts, consisting of a mostly 6-lobed campanulate 

 perianth and 6-12 stamens with filiform filaments, sometimes also with an abortive 

 pilose ovary. Pistillate flowers with an urn-shaped or oblong calyx, adnate to a 

 mostly 3-celled ovary; ovules 2 in each cavity of the ovary, rarely more than I in 

 each ovary maturing; styles as many as the ovary-cavities, short. Fruit consisting 

 of the imbricated and more or less united bracts of the involucre (cup), subtending 

 or nearly enclosing the ovoid, oblong or subglobose, i-seeded coriaceous nut (acorn). 

 [The ancient Latin name, probably of Celtic derivation, signifying "beautiful 

 tree."] About 200 species, natives of the northern hemisphere. Besides the 

 following, some 30 others occur in the western and southern section; of N. Am. 



* Leaves or (heir lobes bristle-tipped, deciduotis / acorns maturing in autumn of 



second year. 



t Leaves pinnatifid or pinnately lobed. 



Leaves green on both sides. 



Cup of the acorn saucer-shaped, much broader than high. 



Cup 16-25 mm. broad; acorn ovoid; leaves dull. i. Q. rubra. 



Cup 8-16 mm. broad; leaves shining. 



Acorn subglobose or short-ovoid; northern. 2. Q. palustris. 



Acorn ovoid; southern. 3. Q. Schneckii. 



Cup of the acorn turbinate or hemispheric. 



Inner bark gray to reddish ; leaves deeply lobed. 



Leaves shining both sides, lobed to near the midrib. 



Acorn ovoid; cup 15-25 mm. wide. 4. Q. coccinea. 



Acorn narrow' / ellipsoid; cup 10-15 nim. wide 5. Q. ellipsoidalis. 

 Leaves dull and paler beneath ; acorn ovoid. 6. Q. borealis. 



Inner bark orange. 7. Q. velutina. 



Leaves white or gray-tomentulose beneath. 



Large trees; leaf-lobes lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, long. 



Leaves rounded 'or obtuse at base, 3-5-lobed; lobes linear or lanceolate, often 



falcate. 8. Q. digitata. 



Leaves cuneate and acute at base, 5-n-lobed; lobes triangular. 



9. Q. pagodaefolia, 

 Shrub or low tree; leaf-lobes triangular-ovate, short. 10. Q. nana. 



1 1 Leaves 3-5-lobed above the middle or entire, obovate or spatnlate in outline. 



Leaves obovate-cuneate, brown-floccose beneath. n. Q. Marylandica. 



Leaves spatulate, glabrous both sides. 12. Q. nigra. 



1 1 1 Leaves entire, oblong, lanceolate or linear-oblong (sometimes lobed in no. 14). 



Leaves linear-oblong, green and glabrous on both sides. 13. Q. Phellos. 



Leaves oblong, glabrous, dark green and shining above. 14. Q. laurifoha. 



Leaves oblong or lanceolate, brown-tomentulose beneath. 15. Q. imbricaria. 



