CHENOPODIALES. 367 



1. Polygonella articulata (L.) Meisn. COAST JOINTWEED. (I. F. f. 1356.) 

 Annual, glaucous; stem wiry, erect or sometimes diffusely spreading, simple or 

 branched, 1-3 dm. long. Leaves linear or linear-subulate (apparently filiform 

 from the revolute margins), 1-4 cm. long, cylindric, slightly expanded at the sum- 

 mit; racemes numerous, erect, many-flowered, 2.5-5 cm< l n g; ocreolae crowded 

 or imbricated; pedicels reflexed; calyx-segments white with a dark mid-rib, loosely 

 investing the achene, not winged in fruit; achene narrowly ovoid-pyramidal, pointed, 

 2 mm. long, brown. In sands of the seashore and sandy soil along the coast, Me., 

 N. H. to Fla., and on the shores of the Great Lakes. July-Get. 



2. Polygonella Americana (F. & M.) Small. SOUTHERN JOINTWEED. (I. F. f. 

 1357.) Perennial, slightly glaucous; stem erect or ascending, wiry, somewhat 

 flexuous, 5-12 dm. high, simple or slightly branched, covered with a ridged more 

 or less scaly bark. Leaves linear or linear-spatulate, 0.5-2.5 cm. long, often fas- 

 cicled on short branches, rather fleshy, obtuse and revolute at the apex; ocreae 

 scarious-margined, split on one side; racemes 2.5-7.5 cm. long, dense, divergent; 

 calyx white or pink, its three inner segments developing orbicular cordate wings, 

 the two outer reflexed in fruit; pedicels divergent; achene elliptic-oblong, 2-5 mm. 

 long, chestnut-brown, pointed at both ends. Jn dry soil, Mo. to Tex., east to Ga. 

 and Ala. Aug.-Oct. 



8. BRUNN1CHIA Banks. 



Perennial glabrous herbs with elongated grooved much branched stems climb- 

 ing by tendrils at the ends of the branches, and alternate entire petioled leaves, the 

 ocreae obscure or wanting, and small perfect flowers in panicled terminal and 

 axillary racemes. Pedicels slender, fascicled in the axils of lanceolate-subulate 

 bracts. Calyx 5-parted, much enlarged, coriaceous and winged on one side in 

 fruit, closely investing the achene, the segments spreading when fresh, converging 

 when dry. Stamens 7-10, mostly 8. filaments filiform, much dilated at the base. 

 Style 3 parted, the stigmas 2-cleft at the summit; ovary imperfectly 2-celled; ovule 

 pendulous. Achene 3.-angled. Seed irregularly 6-grooved, the embryo in one of 

 its angles. [Name in honor of M. T. Brunnich, Norwegian naturalist.] Two 

 known species, the following of southeastern N. Am., the other of tropical Africa. 



I. Brunnichia cirrhosa Banks. BRUNNICHIA. (I. F. f. 1358.) Stem 2-6 

 m. long, somewhat woody, rather tough. Tendrils numerous, filiform; leaves 

 ovate or ovate- lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 2.5-15 cm. long, truncate or sub- 

 cordate at the- base, petioled; ocreae represented by a ring of short bristles, ra- 

 cemes 5-15 cm. long; calyx 6-8 mm. long, greenish, 5-parted, its base strongly 

 winged along one side; achene oblong-ovoid, 6 mm. long, brown, smooth, closely 

 invested by the calyx which becomes 2.5 cm. or more in length. On banks of 

 streams, S. 111. to Ark., S. Car. and Fla. May -June. 



Order 14. CHENOPODIALES. 



Herbs, mostly with perfect flowers. Calyx present. Corolla, if present, 

 polypetalous. Ovary superior. Embryo coiled, curved or annular. Fruit 

 not an achene. 



Fruit a utricle (see also last genera of Caryophyllaceae). 



Flowers bractless, or, if bracted, the bracts not scarious; sepals green, or greenish. 



Fam. i. Chenopodiaceae. 

 Flowers bracted, the bracts, and also the sepals, mostly scarious. 



Fam. 2. Amaranthaceae* 



Fruit fleshy, enclosing several carpels ; a berry. Fam. 3. Phytalaccaceae. 



Fruit an anthocarp, the persistent base of the corolla-like calyx enclosing" a utricle. 



Fam. 4. Xyctaginaceae. 



Fruit a capsule, dehiscent by valves, or teeth (utricular in Anychia, Paronychia and 

 Sclerantkus of the Caryophyllaceae). 



Capsule 2-several-celled ; petals none. Fam. 5. Aizoaceae. 



Capsule i -celled; petals mostly present. 



Sepals 2. Fam. 6. Portulacaceae. 



Sepals 5 or 4, distinct or united, Fam. 7. Caryophyllaceae, 



