CAR YOPH YLLA CEAE. 387 



2. Portulaca retusa Engelm. NOTCHED PURSLANE. (I. F. f. 1435.) Closely 

 resembles the preceding. Leaves cuneate, generally broader, mostly retuse or 

 emarginate; sepals broad, obtusish, carinate- winged; style larger, 3-4-cleft; cap- 

 sule 4-6 mm. long; seeds distinctly tuberculate; petals smaller and the flowers 

 opening earlier in the morning than those of that species, where the two grow 

 together. Minn. (?), Mo. and Ark. to Tex., west to Nev. Growing in large 

 patches. Summer. 



3. Portulaca pilosa L. HAIRY PORTULACA. (I. F. f. 1436.) Annual, from 

 a deep root, pilose-pubescent, with small tufts of light-colored hairs in the axils. 

 Branches 5-15 cm. long; leaves linear, terete, obtuse, 8-16 mm. long, about 2 mm. 

 wide, alternate, and clustered at the ends of the branches; sepals oblong, acute, 

 membranous, not carinate, deciduous with the operculum of the capsule ; stamens 

 numerous; style 5-6-parted; seeds minutely tuberculate. In dry soil, N. Car. to 

 Fla., Kans., Tex., Mex. and Cal. Also throughout tropical America. Summer. 



4. Portulaca grandiflora Hook. GARDEN PORTULACA. SUN-PLANT. (I. F. 

 f. 1437.) Ascending or spreading. Branches 1.5-3 dm. long; leaves alternate, 

 and clustered at the ends of the branches, terete, about 2 mm. wide; flowers pink, 

 yellow, red, or white, open in sunshine; sepals broad, obtuse, scarious-margined; 

 petals obovate; capsule ovoid; seeds gray, shining. In waste places, occasionally 

 escaped from gardens. Introduced from S. Am. Summer. 



Family 7. CARYOPHYLLACEAE Reichenb. 



Pink Family. 



Herbs often swollen at the nodes, with opposite entire leaves, and 

 perfect or rarely dioecious regular flowers. Sepals 4 or 5, persistent, 

 separate or united into a calyx-tube. Petals equal in number to the 

 sepals or none. Stamens twice as many as the sepals or fewer, hypogy- 

 nous or perigynous; anthers longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary mainly 

 i-celled (rarely 3-5-celled) ; styles 2-5 ; ovules and seeds attached to a 

 central column. Fruit generally membranous, a capsule, dehiscent by 

 valves or teeth, or an indehiscent achene or utricle. Seeds mainly 

 amphitropous; embryo curved and peripheral to the endosperm, rarely 

 straight; cotyledons mainly incumbent. About 70 genera and 1500 

 species, widely distributed, most abundant in'the northern hemisphere. 



* Calyx of united sepals, tubular or ovoid. 



Calyx-ribs at least twice as many as the teeth, running both into the teeth and into the 

 sinuses. 



Styles 5, alternate with the foliaceous calyx-teeth. i. Agrostemma. 



Styles 3-5, when 5, opposite the short calyx-teeth. 



Styles 5, capsule several-celled at the base. 2. I iscaria. 



Styles 3, rarely 4. 3- Silene. 



Styles 5, capsule i-celled to the base. 4. Lychnis. 



Calyx 5-ribbed, 5-nerved, or nerveless, or striate-nerved. 

 Calyx conspicuously scarious between its green nerves. 



Calyx not bracteolate at the base. 5. Gypsophila. 



Calyx bracteolate at the base. 6. 7'nnica. 



Calyx not at all scarious. 



Petals appendaged at the base of the blade. 7. Saponaria. 



Petals not appendaged at the base of the blade. 



Calyx strongly 5-angled, not bracteolate. 8. Vaccaria. 



Calyx terete or nearly so, subtended by bractlets. 9. Dianthus* 



* * Calyx of distinct sepals, or the sepals united only at the base. 

 Fruit a capsule, dehiscent by apical teeth or by valves. 

 Styles separate to the base; stipules wanting. 



Plants not fleshy; disk of the flower inconspicuous or none. 

 Petals deeply 2-cleft or 2-parted (rarely none). 



Capsule ovoid or oblong, dehiscent by valves. 10. Alsine. 



Capsule cylindric, commonly curved, dehiscent by teeth. 



ii. Cerastium. 



