CARYOPHYLLA CEAE. 389 



Dwarf, arctic-alpine ; flowers solitary. i. S. acaulis. 



Erect or ascending herbs; flowers clustered (sometimes solitary in nos. 3-7). 



Leaves or some of them verticillate in 4*8. 2. S. stellata. 



Leaves all opposite. 



Calyx much inflated and bladdery. 



Flowers few, leafy-bracted. 3. S. alba. 



Flowers numerous, in leafless cymes. 4. S. vulgaris. 



Calyx merely expanded by the ripening pod. 

 Flowers cymose or paniculate. 



Day-blooming ; flowers rarely white, mostly pink or red. 

 Perennials, more or less viscid-pubescent. 



Petals 2-cleft, 2-lobed, or irregularly incised, scarlet or crimson. 

 Leaves lanceolate or spatulate ; flowers numerous. 

 Flowers in slender panicles, nodding. 



5. S. nutans. 



Flowers in terminal cymes, erect. 6. S. Virginica. 

 Leaves broadly oval ; flowers few or solitary. 



7. S. rotundifolia. 

 Petals erose, entire, or emarginate. 



Petals scarlet ; plant 9-12 dm. tall. 8. S. regia. 

 Petals pink; plant 1-2.5 dm. high. 9. S. Caroliniana. 

 Annuals, glutinous at or below the nodes. 

 Calyx ovoid. 



Flowers small, panicled ; calyx-teeth ovate. 



10. S. antirrhina. 

 Flowers large, cymose ; calyx-teeth subulate. 



11. S. conica. 

 Calyx club-shaped ; flowers large, cymose. 



12. S. Armeria. 

 Night-blooming ; flowers large, white. 13. .5". noctiflora. 



Flowers spicate or racemose, short-pedicelled. 



Spike-like raceme simple ; flowers small. 14. S. Anglica. 



Raceme forked; flowers 12-16 mm. broad. 15. S. dichotoma. 



Flowers axillary and terminal, slender-pedicelled ; western. 



16. S. Menziesii. 



1. Silene acaulis L. Moss CAMPION. (I. F. f. 1440.) Perennial, branched, 

 densely tufted, 2-8 cm. high. Leaves sessile, crowded, linear, 8-12 mm. long, 

 about I mm. wide, the margins ciliate-serrulate; flowers sessile or slender-peduncled, 

 8-12 mm. broad, purple or purplish; calyx campanulate, glabrous, 8 mm. high; 

 petals with a scale at the base of the blade; pod oblong. White Mountains, N. H., 

 to Quebec; Lab. and throughout arctic America, south in the higher Rocky Mts. 

 to Ariz. Also in arctic and alpine Europe and Asia. Summer. 



2. Silene stellata (L.) Ait. STARRY CAMPION. (I. F. f. 1441.) Perennial, 

 erect, 6-10 dm. high, densely and minutely rough-pubescent. Leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate, acuminate, 5-10 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm - wide, verticillate in 4/5 or the 

 lowest opposite, their margins finely ciliate; flowers white, 1-2 cm. broad, in 

 panicled cymes; calyx campanulate, inflated, 14-16 mm. high, its teeth triangular, 

 acute; petals crownless, fimbriate, about equalling the stamens; pod globose-ovoid. 

 In woods, R. I. to Niagara, Minn., Ga., Neb. and Ark. June-Aug. 



3. Silene alba Muhl. WESTERN WHITE CAMPION. (I. F. f. 1442.) Peren- 

 nial, rather weak, minutely puberulent or glabrate. Leaves lanceolate or oblong- 

 lanceolate, 8-13 cm. long, 1-1.6 cm. wide, acuminate, the upper gradually smaller; 

 pedicels divaricate; flowers white, about 2 cm. broad; calyx inflated, elongated- 

 campanulate, pubescent, its teeth ovate, obtuse; petals cuneate, 2-cleft, or 2-lobed, 

 minutely crowned. In shaded or moist places, Penn. to D. C., Minn, and Neb. 

 June-July. 



4. Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke. BLADDER CAMPION. (I. F. f. 1443.) 

 Perennial, branched from the base, glaucous and glabrous, or rarely pubescent, 

 1.5-4.5 dm. high. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or oblong, acute, or the lower often 

 spatulate; flowers white, 1-2 cm. broad, in loose cymose panicles, often drooping; 

 calyx at length inflated and globose, 8-12 mm. long, strongly veined; petals 2-cleft. 

 In meadows and waste places, N. B. to Ont., N. J. and 111. Naturalized from 

 Europe. Summer. 



5. Silene nutans L. NODDING CATCHFLY. (I.F. f. 1444.) Perennial; stem 

 erect, 3 -6 dm. tall. Lower and basal leaves spatulate, subacute, 6-16 mm. wide, 



