668 FLORA. 



Umbels 2-several, sometimes numerous, terminal or corymbosa. 



Plant glabrate; leaf and peduncle arising from the rootstock. 3. A. nudicauiis. 

 Plant bristly or hispid; stem leafy, erect. 4. A. hispida. 



1. Aralia spinosa L. HERCULES' CLUB. ANGELICA OR SPIKENARD TREE. 

 (I. F. f. 2626.) A shrub or tree. Leaves long-petioled, bipinnate; leaflets acute 

 or acuminate, stalked, serrate, dark green above, glaucous and sometimes slightly 

 pubescent beneath, 2.5-10 cm. long; peduncles and pedicels pubescent; flowers 

 white, 4 mm. broad; fruit ovoid, black, 5-lobed, about 6 mm. long; styles distinct. 

 In low grounds and along streams, Conn, to Fla., Ind., Mo. and Tex. June- Aug. 



2. Aralia racemosa L. AMERICAN SPIKENARD. INDIAN-ROOT. (I. F. f. 

 2627.) Herbaceous, 1-2 m. high, glabrous, or slightly pubescent. Roots large 

 and thick, aromatic; leaves ternately or rarely quinately compound, the divisions 

 pinnate; leaflets broadly ovate or orbicular, thin, acuminate, 5-15 cm. long, sharply 

 serrate; peduncles and pedicels puberulent; flowers greenish, about 2 mm. broad; 

 fruit nearly globular, dark purple or reddish-brown, about 6 mm. in diameter; 

 styles united below. In rich woods, N. B. to Ga., S. Dak. and Kans. July-Aug. 



3. Aralia nudicauiis L. WILD OR VIRGINIAN SARSAPARILLA. (I. F. f. 

 2628.) Acaulescent or nearly so. Rootstock long; petioles erect, 1.5-3 dm. long; 

 primary divisions of the leaf ternate, slender-stalked, pinnately 3-5-foliolate; 

 leaflets oval or ovate, acuminate, finely serrate, 5-13 cm. long; umbels commonly 

 3, simple; involucre none; pedicels slender; flowers greenish, 3 mm. broad; fruit 

 globose, purplish-black, about 6 mm. long. In woods, Newf. to Manitoba, N. Car., 

 Neb. and Mo. May -June. 



Aralia nudicauiis prolffera A. C. Apgar. Leaves more divided and umbels com- 

 pound. Western N. J. 



Aralia nudicauiis elongita Nash. Leaflets longer and narrower, gradually acumin- 

 ate, coarsely serrate, paler beneath. Catskill Mountains. 



4. Aralia hispida Vent. BRISTLY SARSAPARILLA. WILD ELDER. (L F. f. 

 2629.) Erect, 3-9 dm. high, the stem and petioles more or less hispid with slender 

 bristles. Leaves bipinnate; leaflets ovate or oval, acute, irregularly serrate, 2-5 

 cm. long; umbels slender-peduncled, simple, corymbo-racemose at the summit of the 

 stem; flowers white, 2 mm. broad; fruit dark purple, 6-8 mm. in diameter, strongly 

 5-lobed when dry. In rocky or sandy woods and clearings, Newf. to N. Car., 

 Ont., Minn, and Ind. June-July. 



2. PANAX L. 



Erect perennial herbs, with aromatic roots, and a verticil of digitately com- 

 pound leaves at the summit. Umbel terminal, simple. Flowers greenish or white, 

 polygamous. Calyx-limb obscurely 5-toothed. Petals 5, spreading. Stamens 5. 

 Fruit a small drupe-like somewhat flattened berry, enclosing 2 or 3 seeds. [Greek, 

 all-healing.] About 7 species, natives of eastern N. Am. and Asia. 



Leaflets 5, ovate or obovate, stalked, acuminate. i. P. qninque folium. 



Leaflets 3-5, oval to oblanceolate, sessile, obtuse. 2. P. trifolitim. 



1. Panax quinquefolium L. GINSENG. (I. F. f. 2630.) Glabrous, 2-4 dm. 

 high. Root fusiform, deep, simple or branched. Petioles 4-10 cm. long; leaflets 5 

 (rarely 6 or 7), thin, ovate or obovate. 5-13 cm. long, irregularly dentate; peduncle 

 slender, 2-5 cm. long; umbel 6-20- flowered; flowers greenish yellow, about 2 mm. 

 broad; styles usually 2; fruit flattened, somewhat didymous, bright crimson, I cm. 

 broad. In rich woods, Quebec to Ala.. Minn., Neb. and Mo. July-Aug. 



2. Panax trifolinm L. DWARF GINSENG OR GROUND-NUT. (I. F. f. 2631.) 

 Glabrous, 0.7-2 dm. high. Root globose, deep, about I cm. in diameter, pungent 

 to the taste; petioles 1-5 cm. long; leaflets 3-5, oval to oblanceolate, sessile, obtuse, 

 usually narrowed at the base, 2-4 cm. long, dentate or serrate; peduncles 2.5-6 

 cm. long; pedicels 2-3 mm. long in fruit; flowers white, often monoecious, about 

 2 mm. broad; styles usually 3; fruit mostly 3-angled (or when with 2 styles, didy- 

 mous), yellow, about 4 mm. broad. In moist woods and thickets, N. S. to Ga,, 

 Ont., Minn., Iowa and 111. April-June. 



