UMBELLIFERAE. 679 



those of the preceding; rays 2-12, slender, divergent, 2-8 cm. long; fruit oval, or 

 broader than long. Mountain woods, Va. and \V. Va. to N. Car. and Ga. May. 

 3. Zizia cordata (Walt.) DC. HEART-LEAVED ALEXANDERS. (I. F. f. 

 2692.) Glabrous, or somewhat pubescent, 6-9 dm. high. Basal and lower leaves 

 broadly ovate, or orbicular, undivided, deeply cordate, sometimes 1.5 dm. long, 

 crenate ; stem-leaves ternate, or rarely quinate, the segments ovate, or oval, cre- 

 nate, orlobed; rays 7-16, ascending, 2-5 cm. long; fruit ovate, or oval. In woods, 

 Conn, to Minn., the N. W. Terr., Ga., Mo., Wyo. and Ore. May-June. 



20. CICUTA L. (See Appendix.) 



Erect tall perennial glabrous herbs, with pinnate or pinnately compound leaves, 

 and terminal umbels of white flowers. Involucre of few bracts, or none; involu- 

 cels many-bracted. Calyx-teeth acute. Stylopodium short-conic; fruit ovate to 

 oblong, glabrous, slightly flattened laterally. Ribs corky, the lateral ones strongest; 

 oil-tubes solitary in the intervals, 2 on the commissural side. Seed nearly terete. 

 [The ancient Latin name.] About 8 species, natives of the north temperate zone 

 and Mex. Besides the following, about 4 others occur in western N. Am. 



Leaf-segments lanceolate. i. C. maculata. 



Leaf-segments narrowly linear. 2. C. bulbifera, 



1. Cicuta maculata L. WATER HEMLOCK. MUSQUASH ROOT. (I. F. f. 2694.) 

 Stout, 9-18 dm. high, the stem marked with purple lines. Roots several, tuberi- 

 form; leaves petioled, bipinnate, or tripinnate, the lower often 3 dm. long; leaf- 

 segments coarsely and sharply serrate, their veins apparently ending in the notches; 

 umbellets many-flowered; pedicels unequal; fruit ovate, or oval, 2-3 mm. long. In 

 swamps, N. B. to Manitoba. Fla. and N. Mex. Poisonous. June-Aug. 



2. Cicuta bulbifera L. BULB-BEARING WATER HEMLOCK. (I. F. f. 2695.) 

 Slender, 3-10 dm. high. Roots few, tuberiform. Leaves 2-3- pinnate, the upper 

 ones less divided, smaller, and bearing clustered bulblets in their axils; leaf- 

 segments linear, sparingly serrate with distant teeth; fruit broadly ovate, slightly 

 more than 2 mm. long. In swamps, N. S. to Del., Manitoba, Ind. and Neb. July- 

 Sept. 



21. DERINGA Adans. [CRYPTOTAENIA DC.] 



A perennial glabrous herb, with 3-divided leaves, and irregular umbels of white 

 flowers. Involucre and involucels none. Calyx-teeth obsolete. Stylopodium 

 conic; fruit oblong, laterally compressed, glabrous. Carpels nearly terete, the ribs 

 equal, obtuse; oil-tubes solitary in the intervals and also beneath each rib. Seed- 

 iace flat or nearly so. [Said to be named for Deering or Bering.] A monotypic 

 genus of eastern N. Am. and Japan. 



i. Deringa Canadensis (L.) Kuntze. HONEWORT. (I. F. f. 2696.) Erect, 

 3-9 dm. high. Lower and basal leaves long- petioled, 3-divided, the segments 

 thin, ovate, acute or acuminate, sharply and irregularly serrate, incised, or some- 

 times lobed, 2-10 cm. long, the lateral ones nearly sessile, the terminal one ab- 

 ruptly narrowed into a margined incised stalk; umbels 4-io-rayed; fruit narrowed 

 at both ends, 4-6 mm. long, often curved. In woods, N. B. to S. Dak., Ga. and 

 Tex. June-July. 



22. CARUM L. 



Glabrous herbs, with pinnate or pinnatifid leaves, and small white or yellowish 

 flowers in terminal umbels. Calyx-teeth minute. Stylopodium conic; fruit ovate, 

 or oblong, somewhat compressed, glabrous. Carpels somewhat 5-angled, the ribs 

 filiform, or inconspicuous; oil-tubes solitary in the intervals and 2 on the com- 

 missural side. Seed dorsally flattened, its face flat or slightly concave. [Greek, 

 caraway.] About 50 species, natives of temperate and warm regions. Besides the 

 following, about 4 others occur in western N. Am. 



i. Carum Carui L. CARAWAY. CARVIES. (I. F. f. 2693.) Biennial or some- 

 times perennial, 3-6 dm. high. Leaves pinnatisected into linear or filiform seg- 

 ments; involucre of 1-3 linear bracts, or none; involucels commonly none; umbels 



